Effect of antipsychotic withdrawal on extrapyramidal symptoms: statistical methods for analyzing single-sample repeated-measures data. 1993

S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City.

Using symptom severity ratings of extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) during a 4-week antipsychotic washout period, we illustrate particular problems associated with repeated measures of symptom severity and demonstrate four analysis methods. The often suggested analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of variance found no mean change in weekly Simpson Angus scores over the 4-week washout despite the fact that 43% had clinically significant EPS prior to drug discontinuation. On the other hand, the Friedman Analysis of Ranks and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel (CMH) statistics found significant change over the washout period. These two less well-known techniques place fewer restrictions on the data, can be more sensitive to patterns of change, and may be more appropriate for psychiatric data. The CMH method is particularly attractive since it does not require complete data on all subjects as do many other techniques. This minimizes the number of cases lost to missing data and increases the generality of the results.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D010302 Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42) Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism,Secondary Parkinsonism,Symptomatic Parkinson Disease,Parkinson Disease, Secondary Vascular,Parkinson Disease, Symptomatic,Parkinsonism, Secondary,Parkinsonism, Symptomatic,Secondary Vascular Parkinson Disease,Parkinsonism, Atherosclerotic,Secondary Parkinson Disease,Symptomatic Parkinsonism
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000704 Analysis of Variance A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable. ANOVA,Analysis, Variance,Variance Analysis,Analyses, Variance,Variance Analyses
D001480 Basal Ganglia Diseases Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical manifestations of these disorders. Common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Extrapyramidal Disorders,Basal Ganglia Disorders,Lenticulostriate Disorders,Basal Ganglia Disease,Basal Ganglia Disorder,Extrapyramidal Disorder,Lenticulostriate Disorder
D012720 Severity of Illness Index Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder. Illness Index Severities,Illness Index Severity
D013223 Statistics as Topic Works about the science and art of collecting, summarizing, and analyzing data that are subject to random variation. Area Analysis,Estimation Technics,Estimation Techniques,Indirect Estimation Technics,Indirect Estimation Techniques,Multiple Classification Analysis,Service Statistics,Statistical Study,Statistics, Service,Tables and Charts as Topic,Analyses, Area,Analyses, Multiple Classification,Area Analyses,Classification Analyses, Multiple,Classification Analysis, Multiple,Estimation Technic, Indirect,Estimation Technics, Indirect,Estimation Technique,Estimation Technique, Indirect,Estimation Techniques, Indirect,Indirect Estimation Technic,Indirect Estimation Technique,Multiple Classification Analyses,Statistical Studies,Studies, Statistical,Study, Statistical,Technic, Indirect Estimation,Technics, Estimation,Technics, Indirect Estimation,Technique, Estimation,Technique, Indirect Estimation,Techniques, Estimation,Techniques, Indirect Estimation

Related Publications

S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
November 1999, Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
January 2012, Nursing research,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
November 2011, Multivariate behavioral research,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
January 1994, Journal for healthcare quality : official publication of the National Association for Healthcare Quality,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
October 2012, Journal of conservative dentistry : JCD,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
February 2010, Preventive veterinary medicine,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
August 2006, The Australian journal of rural health,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
January 1991, Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
August 2004, Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics,
S Arndt, and C S Davis, and D D Miller, and N C Andreasen
November 1996, The International journal of neuroscience,
Copied contents to your clipboard!