Biomaterial Database

Hemodynamic and regional blood flow responses of neonatal and adult dogs to endotoxin challenge. 1993

J W Horton

Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9031.

Our recent studies showed developmental differences in the functional responses of the myocardium to isoproterenol and exogenous calcium, suggesting that decreased cardiovascular reserves in the immature heart contribute to the greater morbidity/mortality reported in neonatal compared to adult endotoxin shock. In this study, hemodynamic, hormonal and regional blood flow responses to Escherichia coli endotoxin challenge (1 mg/kg, 055:35 B lipopolysaccharide) were compared in adult (N = 12) and neonatal (19-21 days of age, N = 38) dogs. Compared to neonates, adult dogs had higher baseline mean arterial pressures (78 +/- 3 vs. 127 +/- 7 mmHg, P = 0.01), while values were lower for cardiac output (635 +/- 30 vs. 130 +/- 7 ml/kg, P = 0.01), left ventricular +dP/dt max (4,500 +/- 200 vs. 2,700 +/- 190 mmHg/sec, P = 0.02), heart rate (138 +/- 3 vs. 86 +/- 6 beats/min, P = 0.02), coronary flow (3.46 +/- 0.18 vs. 1.19 +/- 0.15 ml/min/g, P = 0.01), serum glucose (136 +/- 6 vs. 113 +/- 4 mg%, P = 0.01), insulin (20 +/- 3 vs. 15 +/- 2 mU/ml, P = 0.05), and glucagon (518 +/- 98 vs. 172 +/- 27 pg/ml, P = 0.01). Endotoxin caused progressive cardiocirculatory dysfunction and metabolic acidosis, regardless of age.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D012039	Regional Blood Flow	The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.	Blood Flow, Regional,Blood Flows, Regional,Flow, Regional Blood,Flows, Regional Blood,Regional Blood Flows
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002302	Cardiac Output	The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).	Cardiac Outputs,Output, Cardiac,Outputs, Cardiac
D004231	Diuresis	An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Diureses
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D004731	Endotoxins	Toxins closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.	Endotoxin
D004926	Escherichia coli	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.	Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D005934	Glucagon	A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511)	Glucagon (1-29),Glukagon,HG-Factor,Hyperglycemic-Glycogenolytic Factor,Proglucagon (33-61),HG Factor,Hyperglycemic Glycogenolytic Factor
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse