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Interpreting peritoneal membrane osmotic reflection coefficients using a distributed model of peritoneal transport. 1993

J K Leypoldt
Research Service, VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.

The relationship between the osmotic reflection coefficient for the peritoneal membrane and that for peritoneal capillaries was derived theoretically using a distributed model of peritoneal transport. The distributed model predicted that the osmotic reflection coefficient for the peritoneal membrane was equal to that for peritoneal capillaries only when the capillary wall was the dominant diffusive solute transport resistance. Under these conditions, moreover, all peritoneal capillaries equally contributed to transperitoneal ultrafiltration. If, on the other hand, interstitial tissue was the dominant diffusive solute transport resistance, then the osmotic reflection coefficient for the peritoneal membrane was lower than that for peritoneal capillaries and only superficial capillaries participated in transperitoneal ultrafiltration. Previous experiments have demonstrated that the capillary wall is not the dominant diffusive solute transport resistance for small osmotic solutes across the peritoneal membrane; thus osmotic reflection coefficients for the peritoneal membrane are likely several times less than those for peritoneal capillaries.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D009995 Osmosis Tendency of fluids (e.g., water) to move from the less concentrated to the more concentrated side of a semipermeable membrane. Osmoses
D010537 Peritoneum A membrane of squamous EPITHELIAL CELLS, the mesothelial cells, covered by apical MICROVILLI that allow rapid absorption of fluid and particles in the PERITONEAL CAVITY. The peritoneum is divided into parietal and visceral components. The parietal peritoneum covers the inside of the ABDOMINAL WALL. The visceral peritoneum covers the intraperitoneal organs. The double-layered peritoneum forms the MESENTERY that suspends these organs from the abdominal wall. Parietal Peritoneum,Peritoneum, Parietal,Peritoneum, Visceral,Visceral Peritoneum,Parametrium,Parametriums
D002199 Capillary Permeability The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement. Microvascular Permeability,Permeability, Capillary,Permeability, Microvascular,Vascular Permeability,Capillary Permeabilities,Microvascular Permeabilities,Permeabilities, Capillary,Permeabilities, Microvascular,Permeabilities, Vascular,Permeability, Vascular,Vascular Permeabilities
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D001692 Biological Transport The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments. Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D015314 Dialysis Solutions Solutions prepared for exchange across a semipermeable membrane of solutes below a molecular size determined by the cutoff threshold of the membrane material. Dialysate,Dialysis Solution,Dialyzate,Dialysates,Dialyzates,Solution, Dialysis,Solutions, Dialysis

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