The fidelity and dynamic response of fluid-filled catheter systems for direct measurement of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pressure. 1993

M Kumar, and E Werner, and M J Murray
Mayo Clinic, Department of Anesthesiology, Rochester, MN 55905.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the fidelity of pressure signals transmitted through long, narrow (epidural) catheters inserted into the lumbar intrathecal space. METHODS Using a model of the spinal canal we tested three epidural catheters: 20-gauge Arrow, 20-gauge Abbott, 21-gauge Portex. We (1) determined the damping coefficient and natural frequency of the three catheters, (2) correlated the static pressures measured using the three catheters compared to the true pressure in the intrathecal space, and (3) compared the response time of the three catheters connected to transducers vs U-tube manometers. RESULTS The three catheters had high damping coefficients (alpha) (Arrow, 0.75; Abbott, 0.85; Portex, 1.10) and low natural frequencies (Arrow, 15.23 Hz; Abbott, 12.83 Hz; Portex, 9.09 Hz). The dynamic response characteristics of the catheter with the largest internal diameter (20-gauge Arrow) were adequate to reproduce pulsatile cerebrospinal fluid pressure reliably. Smaller catheters tracked the mean pressure, although oscillations were damped. Static pressure measurements from all three catheters showed good correlation with test pressures (r = 0.99; p < 0.001). Using the U-tube manometer, it required 170, 140, and 130 minutes for the Portex, Abbott, and Arrow catheters, respectively, to equilibrate with a test pressure of 30 cm H2O. The rate of rise in the U-tube manometer pressure was limited by the rate of fluid flow through the catheters. CONCLUSIONS We found that a catheter of at least 20 gauge connected to a transducer could record pressures in the cerebrospinal fluid compartment with a high degree of fidelity. The prolonged time to reach equilibrium made U-tube manometry unsuitable for clinical use.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008365 Manometry Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer. Tonometry,Manometries
D008954 Models, Biological Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment. Biological Model,Biological Models,Model, Biological,Models, Biologic,Biologic Model,Biologic Models,Model, Biologic
D008991 Monitoring, Physiologic The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine. Patient Monitoring,Monitoring, Physiological,Physiologic Monitoring,Monitoring, Patient,Physiological Monitoring
D011673 Pulsatile Flow Rhythmic, intermittent propagation of a fluid through a BLOOD VESSEL or piping system, in contrast to constant, smooth propagation, which produces laminar flow. Flow, Pulsating,Perfusion, Pulsatile,Flow, Pulsatile,Flows, Pulsatile,Flows, Pulsating,Perfusions, Pulsatile,Pulsatile Flows,Pulsatile Perfusion,Pulsatile Perfusions,Pulsating Flow,Pulsating Flows
D002404 Catheterization Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions. Cannulation,Cannulations,Catheterizations
D004867 Equipment Design Methods and patterns of fabricating machines and related hardware. Design, Equipment,Device Design,Medical Device Design,Design, Medical Device,Designs, Medical Device,Device Design, Medical,Device Designs, Medical,Medical Device Designs,Design, Device,Designs, Device,Designs, Equipment,Device Designs,Equipment Designs
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006874 Hydrostatic Pressure The pressure due to the weight of fluid. Hydrostatic Pressures,Pressure, Hydrostatic,Pressures, Hydrostatic
D013115 Spinal Canal The cavity within the SPINAL COLUMN through which the SPINAL CORD passes. Vertebral Canal,Vertebral Foramen,Vertebral Foramina,Canal, Spinal,Canal, Vertebral,Foramen, Vertebral,Foramina, Vertebral,Spinal Canals,Vertebral Canals,Vertebral Foramens
D013346 Subarachnoid Space The space between the arachnoid membrane and PIA MATER, filled with CEREBROSPINAL FLUID. It contains large blood vessels that supply the BRAIN and SPINAL CORD. Space, Subarachnoid,Spaces, Subarachnoid,Subarachnoid Spaces

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