Biomaterial Database

Acute ethanol intoxication regulates f-met-leu-phe-induced chemotaxis and superoxide release by neutrophils and Kupffer cells through modulation of the formyl peptide receptor in the rat. 1994

A P Bautista, and K E Elliott

Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, New Orleans 70112.

This study was performed to assess alcohol-induced alterations in superoxide release and chemotaxis by Kupffer cells and blood neutrophils. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a bolus injection of alcohol (1.75 g/Kg) followed by an intravenous infusion (250-300 mg/Kg/hr). Three or 24 hr after alcohol infusion, blood neutrophils and Kupffer cells were isolated and assayed for f-met-leu-phe-induced chemotaxis and superoxide release, and formyl peptide receptor expression. At 3 hr post-ethanol, f-met-leu-phe-induced-chemotaxis and superoxide release by blood neutrophils were increased 2 and 3-fold, compared to saline-treated group, and were further increased at 24 hr. The expression of formyl peptide receptors was also increased from 65,000 +/- 8,000 sites per cell to 120,000 +/- 13,000 and 200,000 +/- 16,400 sites at 3 and 24 hr post-ethanol, respectively. The equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of these receptors on neutrophils was increased at the same time interval. In contrast, alcohol infusion for 3 hr attenuated f-met-leu-phe-induced superoxide release by Kupffer cells (0.8 +/- 0.25 nmol/10(6) cells), compared to saline-treated rats (3.7 +/- 0.3). Chemotaxis by Kupffer cells in response to f-met-leu-phe was also blunted by ethanol at 3 and 24 post-treatment. At 3 hr post-ethanol, the total number of binding sites and KD for f-met-leu-phe on these cells were reduced by almost 30%. The concentration and KD of high affinity binding sites and chemotactic activity of Kupffer cells were not significantly altered by ethanol at 3 hr. However, by 24 hr these were profoundly depressed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007728	Kupffer Cells	Specialized phagocytic cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM found on the luminal surface of the hepatic sinusoids. They filter bacteria and small foreign proteins out of the blood and dispose of worn out red blood cells.	Kupffer Cell,Cell, Kupffer,Cells, Kupffer
D008297	Male		Males
D009240	N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine	A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.	F-Met-Leu-Phe,N-Formyl-Methionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine,Formylmet-Leu-Phe,Formylmethionyl Peptide,Formylmethionyl-Leucyl-Phenylalanine,Formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine,N-Formylated Peptide,N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine,fMet-Leu-Phe,F Met Leu Phe,Formylmet Leu Phe,Formylmethionyl Leucyl Phenylalanine,Leucyl-Phenylalanine, N-Formylmethionine,N Formyl Methionyl Leucyl Phenylalanine,N Formylated Peptide,N Formylmethionine Leucyl Phenylalanine,N formylmethionyl leucyl phenylalanine,Peptide, Formylmethionyl,Peptide, N-Formylated,fMet Leu Phe
D009504	Neutrophils	Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.	LE Cells,Leukocytes, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils,Neutrophil Band Cells,Band Cell, Neutrophil,Cell, LE,LE Cell,Leukocyte, Polymorphonuclear,Neutrophil,Neutrophil Band Cell,Neutrophil, Polymorphonuclear,Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte,Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil
D010587	Phagocytosis	The engulfing and degradation of microorganisms; other cells that are dead, dying, or pathogenic; and foreign particles by phagocytic cells (PHAGOCYTES).	Phagocytoses
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011971	Receptors, Immunologic	Cell surface molecules on cells of the immune system that specifically bind surface molecules or messenger molecules and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Although these receptors were first identified in the immune system, many have important functions elsewhere.	Immunologic Receptors,Immunologic Receptor,Immunological Receptors,Receptor, Immunologic,Receptors, Immunological
D002634	Chemotaxis, Leukocyte	The movement of leukocytes in response to a chemical concentration gradient or to products formed in an immunologic reaction.	Leukotaxis,Leukocyte Chemotaxis
D005609	Free Radicals	Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. Free radicals include reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.	Free Radical
D000431	Ethanol	A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.	Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol