Biomaterial Database

Effect of renal nerves on expression of renin and angiotensinogen genes in rat kidneys. 1994

A Nakamura, and E J Johns

Department of Physiology, Medical School, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom.

In this study, we try to determine the influence of renal nerve activity on renal function, plasma renin activity (PRA), and the corresponding expression of renin and angiotensinogen genes in the kidney. In pentobarbitone-anesthetized rats, the left renal nerves were stimulated (15 V, 0.2 ms) at frequencies to reduce left renal blood flow by 15, 30, and 45%. There were corresponding reductions in glomerular filtration rate from 12 to 52% and absolute and fractional sodium excretions from 20 to 75%. PRA levels in control rats were 10.8 +/- 1.5 and were increased to 65.9 +/- 9.1, 144.2 +/- 19.7, and 277.2 +/- 22.0 ng angiotensin I.h-1.ml-1 after 1 h at each of the three levels of nerve stimulation. Renal renin mRNA was similar in innervated and denervated kidneys and was not affected by the lowest level of nerve stimulation; however, neurally induced decreases in blood flow to 30 and 45% increased renin mRNA levels by 3.0- and 3.4-fold (both P < 0.05), respectively. Angiotensinogen mRNA levels were higher (P < 0.05) in kidneys subjected to the lowest level of nerve stimulation, but when renal blood flow was reduced by 30 and 45%, expression of this gene was unchanged. Stimulation of the renal nerves in the presence of the beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist atenolol only doubled PRA at the highest rates of stimulation. Neither renal renin nor angiotensinogen mRNA were changed during neurally mediated reductions in renal blood flow of 15 or 30% after administration of atenolol.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007668	Kidney	Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.	Kidneys
D008297	Male		Males
D009424	Nervous System Physiological Phenomena	Characteristic properties and processes of the NERVOUS SYSTEM as a whole or with reference to the peripheral or the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.	Nervous System Physiologic Processes,Nervous System Physiological Processes,Nervous System Physiology,Nervous System Physiological Concepts,Nervous System Physiological Phenomenon,Nervous System Physiological Process,Physiology, Nervous System,System Physiology, Nervous
D012079	Renal Circulation	The circulation of the BLOOD through the vessels of the KIDNEY.	Kidney Circulation,Renal Blood Flow,Circulation, Kidney,Circulation, Renal,Blood Flow, Renal,Flow, Renal Blood
D012083	Renin	A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.	Angiotensin-Forming Enzyme,Angiotensinogenase,Big Renin,Cryorenin,Inactive Renin,Pre-Prorenin,Preprorenin,Prorenin,Angiotensin Forming Enzyme,Pre Prorenin,Renin, Big,Renin, Inactive
D003714	Denervation	The resection or removal of the nerve to an organ or part.	Laser Neurectomy,Neurectomy,Peripheral Neurectomy,Radiofrequency Neurotomy,Denervations,Laser Neurectomies,Neurectomies,Neurectomies, Laser,Neurectomies, Peripheral,Neurectomy, Laser,Neurectomy, Peripheral,Neurotomies, Radiofrequency,Neurotomy, Radiofrequency,Peripheral Neurectomies,Radiofrequency Neurotomies
D004558	Electric Stimulation	Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses.	Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D000808	Angiotensinogen	An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver in response to lowered blood pressure and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of the ANGIOTENSINS produced in the body by successive enzyme cleavages. Cleavage of angiotensinogen by RENIN yields the decapeptide ANGIOTENSIN I. Further cleavage of angiotensin I (by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME) yields the potent vasoconstrictor octapeptide ANGIOTENSIN II; and then, via other enzymes, other angiotensins also involved in the hemodynamic-regulating RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM.	Hypertensinogen,Renin-Substrate,SERPINA8,Proangiotensin,Renin Substrate Tetradecapeptide,Serpin A8,Renin Substrate,Tetradecapeptide, Renin Substrate
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001262	Atenolol	A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.	ICI-66082,Tenormin,Tenormine,ICI 66082,ICI66082