Biomaterial Database

[On the mode of action of antirheumatic drugs (author's transl)]. 1976

A E Müller, and H G Thiele

Since the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis presently is mostly unknown, the therapeutical efforts are focussed on attempts to influence the pathogeneic events occurring in this disease. Among the discussed pathogenic mechanisms aberration of immunereactions seem to play an important role. The drugs mainly used for basical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis are cytostatics, D-penicillamine, gold salts and chloroquine. The clinical experiences with these drugs and their mode of action are reviewed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008727	Methotrexate	An antineoplastic antimetabolite with immunosuppressant properties. It is an inhibitor of TETRAHYDROFOLATE DEHYDROGENASE and prevents the formation of tetrahydrofolate, necessary for synthesis of thymidylate, an essential component of DNA.	Amethopterin,Methotrexate Hydrate,Methotrexate Sodium,Methotrexate, (D)-Isomer,Methotrexate, (DL)-Isomer,Methotrexate, Dicesium Salt,Methotrexate, Disodium Salt,Methotrexate, Sodium Salt,Mexate,Dicesium Salt Methotrexate,Hydrate, Methotrexate,Sodium, Methotrexate
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D010396	Penicillamine	3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.	Dimethylcysteine,Mercaptovaline,beta,beta-Dimethylcysteine,Copper Penicillaminate,Cuprenil,Cuprimine,D-3-Mercaptovaline,D-Penicillamine,Metalcaptase,D 3 Mercaptovaline,D Penicillamine,Penicillaminate, Copper,beta,beta Dimethylcysteine
D002738	Chloroquine	The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.	Aralen,Arechine,Arequin,Chingamin,Chlorochin,Chloroquine Sulfate,Chloroquine Sulphate,Khingamin,Nivaquine,Sulfate, Chloroquine,Sulphate, Chloroquine
D006046	Gold	A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000903	Antibiotics, Antineoplastic	Chemical substances, produced by microorganisms, inhibiting or preventing the proliferation of neoplasms.	Antineoplastic Antibiotics,Cytotoxic Antibiotics,Antibiotics, Cytotoxic
D001172	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	Rheumatoid Arthritis
D001379	Azathioprine	An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed)	Azathioprine Sodium,Azathioprine Sodium Salt,Azathioprine Sulfate,Azothioprine,Immuran,Imuran,Imurel,Sodium, Azathioprine
D012971	Gold Sodium Thiosulfate	A sodium salt of gold thiosulfate. It has uses like the ORGANOGOLD COMPOUNDS.	Sodium Gold Thiosulfate,Bis(monothiosulfato(2-)-O,S)aurate(3-) Trisodium,Sanochrysin,Sanochrysine,Sanocrisin,Sodium Aurothiosulfate,Thiosulfatoaurate,Aurothiosulfate, Sodium,Gold Thiosulfate, Sodium,Sodium Thiosulfate, Gold,Thiosulfate, Gold Sodium,Thiosulfate, Sodium Gold