Biomaterial Database

Adaptation of a stable L-form of Bacillus subtilis to minimal salts medium without osmotic stabilizers. 1976

R W Gilpin, and S K Patterson

An L-form isolated from Bacillus subtilis 168 was adapted to growth in a 340 mOsm minimal salts medium without the addition of osmotically protective solutes. This L-form had no chemically detectable peptidoglycan residues on its surface, but 0.8% of the dry weight of washed membranes was hexosamine. The osmotic stability and susceptibility to bacitracin and vancomycin of the L-form adapted to growth in 340 mOsm osmotically unprotected medium was twice that of the L-form grown in 2,680 mOsm medium supplemented with 1.2 M NaCl.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007740	L Forms	Bacterial variants, unable to form a complete cell wall, which are formed in cultures by various bacteria; granules (L bodies) appear, unite, and grow into amorphous bodies which multiply and give rise to bacterial cells morphologically indistinguishable from the parent strain.
D009994	Osmolar Concentration	The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.	Ionic Strength,Osmolality,Osmolarity,Concentration, Osmolar,Concentrations, Osmolar,Ionic Strengths,Osmolalities,Osmolar Concentrations,Osmolarities,Strength, Ionic,Strengths, Ionic
D010400	Penicillin G	A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.	Benzylpenicillin,Benpen,Benzylpenicillin Potassium,Coliriocilina,Crystapen,Or-pen,Parcillin,Pekamin,Pengesod,Penibiot,Penicilina G Llorente,Penicillin G Jenapharm,Penicillin G Potassium,Penicillin G Sodium,Penicillin Grünenthal,Penilevel,Peniroger,Pfizerpen,Sodiopen,Sodipen,Sodium Benzylpenicillin,Sodium Penicillin,Unicilina,Ursopen,Van-Pen-G
D002462	Cell Membrane	The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.	Plasma Membrane,Cytoplasmic Membrane,Cell Membranes,Cytoplasmic Membranes,Membrane, Cell,Membrane, Cytoplasmic,Membrane, Plasma,Membranes, Cell,Membranes, Cytoplasmic,Membranes, Plasma,Plasma Membranes
D003523	Cycloserine	Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.	R-4-Amino-3-isoxazolidinone,Seromycin
D006595	Hexosamines	AMINO SUGARS created by adding an amine group to a hexose sugar.	Hexosamine
D000222	Adaptation, Physiological	The non-genetic biological changes of an organism in response to challenges in its ENVIRONMENT.	Adaptation, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiologic,Adaptations, Physiological,Adaptive Plasticity,Phenotypic Plasticity,Physiological Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptation,Physiologic Adaptations,Physiological Adaptations,Plasticity, Adaptive,Plasticity, Phenotypic
D001412	Bacillus subtilis	A species of gram-positive bacteria that is a common soil and water saprophyte.	Natto Bacteria,Bacillus subtilis (natto),Bacillus subtilis subsp. natto,Bacillus subtilis var. natto
D001414	Bacitracin	A complex of cyclic peptide antibiotics produced by the Tracy-I strain of Bacillus subtilis. The commercial preparation is a mixture of at least nine bacitracins with bacitracin A as the major constituent. It is used topically to treat open infections such as infected eczema and infected dermal ulcers. (From Goodman and Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1140)	Ak-Tracin,Altracin,Baci-IM,Baci-Rx,Baciguent,Bacitin,Bacitracin Zinc,Bacitracin Zinc Complex,Bacitracine Martinet,Ocu-Tracin,Topitracin,Zeba-Rx,Zinc Bacitracin,Ak Tracin,Baci IM,Baci Rx,Bacitracin, Zinc,Martinet, Bacitracine,Ocu Tracin,OcuTracin,Zeba Rx,Zinc, Bacitracin
D012965	Sodium Chloride	A ubiquitous sodium salt that is commonly used to season food.	Sodium Chloride, (22)Na,Sodium Chloride, (24)NaCl