New paramagnetic relaxation reagent for water-in-oil emulsions. 1994

E L Gogolashvili, and N G Dzjubenko, and N P Kuz'mina, and Margulis BYa, and L I Martynenko
ăzan Department, Tatar Oil Research and Design Institute, Tatarstan, Russia.

The gadolinium(III) beta-diketonate complexes and their adducts with neutral ligands such as triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO), trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been synthesized and examined as paramagnetic relaxation reagents in analysis of water-in-oil emulsions by the nuclear magnetic relaxation method. For all compounds the solubility in water and n-hexane has been determined. The dipivaloylmethanate complex Gd(DPM)3.TOPO (I) was found to show the best solubility in n-hexane (0.05 mol/l) as well as practical insolubility in water. When added to a sample of hydrocarbons (n-hexane, benzene, kerosene, oil), (I) caused a general enhancement of spin-lattice relaxation rates of both aromatic and aliphatic protons. In the study of kerosene-water and oil-water emulsions, the addition of 0.05% (I) was associated with shorter organic proton relaxation times than those of water protons and hence the relaxation curves might be successfully resolved into two components. The results presented demonstrate that (I) can be used as a paramagnetic relaxation reagent to determine components in water-in-oil emulsions.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007202 Indicators and Reagents Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499) Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D007648 Kerosene A refined petroleum fraction used as a fuel as well as a solvent. Kerosine
D009682 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING). In Vivo NMR Spectroscopy,MR Spectroscopy,Magnetic Resonance,NMR Spectroscopy,NMR Spectroscopy, In Vivo,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, Magnetic Resonance,Spectroscopy, NMR,Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance,Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopies,Magnetic Resonance, Nuclear,NMR Spectroscopies,Resonance Spectroscopy, Magnetic,Resonance, Magnetic,Resonance, Nuclear Magnetic,Spectroscopies, NMR,Spectroscopy, MR
D009821 Oils Unctuous combustible substances that are liquid or easily liquefiable on warming, and are soluble in ether but insoluble in water. Such substances, depending on their origin, are classified as animal, mineral, or vegetable oils. Depending on their behavior on heating, they are volatile or fixed. (Dorland, 28th ed)
D004655 Emulsions Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES. Emulsion
D005682 Gadolinium An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Gd, atomic number 64, and atomic weight 157.25. Its oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors.
D006838 Hydrocarbons Organic compounds that primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms with the carbon atoms forming a linear or circular structure. Hydrocarbon,Saturated Hydrocarbons,Unsaturated Hydrocarbons,Hydrocarbons, Saturated,Hydrocarbons, Unsaturated

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