BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Cigarette smoking and risk of fatal breast cancer. 1994

E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30329.

The authors examined the association of fatal breast cancer and cigarette smoking in a large, prospective mortality study of US adults. After 6 years of follow-up, 880 cases of fatal breast cancer were observed in a cohort of 604,412 women who were cancer-free at interview in 1982. Cox proportional hazards modeling, adjusted for other risk factors, found that current smoking was significantly related to fatal breast cancer risk (adjusted rate ratio (RR) = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.50). A negative association was observed for former smokers, but this was not statistically significant (RR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.70-1.03). The association of current smoking with fatal breast cancer risk increased with increasing numbers of cigarettes per day and with total number of years smoked. For smokers of 40 or more cigarettes per day, the rate ratio was 1.74 (95% CI 1.15-2.62). The authors hypothesize that these results may be due to either a poorer prognosis among breast cancer cases who smoke or a delayed diagnosis among current smokers who do not receive mammograms as often as never or former smokers. Women who smoke should be targeted for breast cancer screening services.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008327 Mammography Radiographic examination of the breast. 3D-Mammography,Digital Breast Tomosynthesis,Digital Mammography,X-ray Breast Tomosynthesis,3D Mammography,3D-Mammographies,Breast Tomosyntheses, Digital,Breast Tomosyntheses, X-ray,Breast Tomosynthesis, Digital,Breast Tomosynthesis, X-ray,Digital Breast Tomosyntheses,Digital Mammographies,Mammographies,Mammographies, Digital,Mammography, Digital,X ray Breast Tomosynthesis,X-ray Breast Tomosyntheses
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D011795 Surveys and Questionnaires Collections of data obtained from voluntary subjects. The information usually takes the form of answers to questions, or suggestions. Community Survey,Nonrespondent,Questionnaire,Questionnaires,Respondent,Survey,Survey Method,Survey Methods,Surveys,Baseline Survey,Community Surveys,Methodology, Survey,Nonrespondents,Questionnaire Design,Randomized Response Technique,Repeated Rounds of Survey,Respondents,Survey Methodology,Baseline Surveys,Design, Questionnaire,Designs, Questionnaire,Methods, Survey,Questionnaire Designs,Questionnaires and Surveys,Randomized Response Techniques,Response Technique, Randomized,Response Techniques, Randomized,Survey, Baseline,Survey, Community,Surveys, Baseline,Surveys, Community,Techniques, Randomized Response
D001943 Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. Breast Cancer,Breast Tumors,Cancer of Breast,Breast Carcinoma,Cancer of the Breast,Human Mammary Carcinoma,Malignant Neoplasm of Breast,Malignant Tumor of Breast,Mammary Cancer,Mammary Carcinoma, Human,Mammary Neoplasm, Human,Mammary Neoplasms, Human,Neoplasms, Breast,Tumors, Breast,Breast Carcinomas,Breast Malignant Neoplasm,Breast Malignant Neoplasms,Breast Malignant Tumor,Breast Malignant Tumors,Breast Neoplasm,Breast Tumor,Cancer, Breast,Cancer, Mammary,Cancers, Mammary,Carcinoma, Breast,Carcinoma, Human Mammary,Carcinomas, Breast,Carcinomas, Human Mammary,Human Mammary Carcinomas,Human Mammary Neoplasm,Human Mammary Neoplasms,Mammary Cancers,Mammary Carcinomas, Human,Neoplasm, Breast,Neoplasm, Human Mammary,Neoplasms, Human Mammary,Tumor, Breast
D005260 Female Females
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly

Related Publications

E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk.
July 2011, Women's health (London, England),
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer.
February 1990, American journal of epidemiology,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer.
June 1996, European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP),
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Active cigarette smoking and risk of breast cancer.
May 2015, International journal of cancer,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and the risk of breast cancer.
January 1993, Epidemiologic reviews,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and breast cancer risk.
February 1987, Journal of the National Cancer Institute,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Alcohol, cigarette smoking, and the risk of breast cancer.
January 1995, Cancer detection and prevention,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and risk of breast cancer in women.
October 2002, Lancet (London, England),
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking increases risk for breast cancer in high-risk breast cancer families.
April 2001, Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology,
E E Calle, and H L Miracle-McMahill, and M J Thun, and C W Heath
Cigarette smoking and breast cancer.
June 1995, BMJ (Clinical research ed.),
Copied contents to your clipboard!