Biomaterial Database

Carbachol, but not norepinephrine, NMDA, ionomycin, ouabain, or phorbol myristate acetate, increases inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation in rat brain cortical slices. 1994

M E Myles, and J N Fain

Department of Biochemistry, University of Tennessee at Memphis 38163.

Ionomycin, a Ca2+ ionophore, stimulated phosphoinositide breakdown in rat brain cortical slices incubated in the presence of 1.2 mM Ca2+, but, unlike muscarinic cholinergic stimulation, it had little effect on inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation. However, at 2 min, the increase in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate due to 10 microM ionomycin was equivalent to that seen with 1 mM carbachol. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or high K+ (30 mM) increased inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, but not inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation. The stimulation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate accumulation due to ionomycin, unlike that seen with carbachol, was abolished in buffer containing 0.2 mM Ca2+. The increase in inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation in brain slices due to 1 mM carbachol ranged from 55 to 68% of that for inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Norepinephrine, NMDA, veratridine, and ouabain also increased inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, but had minimal effects on inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation. These results suggest that there is something unique about the stimulation of inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate accumulation by carbachol, which is also the only one of these agents that is able to activate phosphoinositidase C beta 1 in isolated rat brain membranes.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007295	Inositol Phosphates	Phosphoric acid esters of inositol. They include mono- and polyphosphoric acid esters, with the exception of inositol hexaphosphate which is PHYTIC ACID.	Inositol Phosphate,Phosphate, Inositol,Phosphates, Inositol
D007425	Intracellular Membranes	Thin structures that encapsulate subcellular structures or ORGANELLES in EUKARYOTIC CELLS. They include a variety of membranes associated with the CELL NUCLEUS; the MITOCHONDRIA; the GOLGI APPARATUS; the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; LYSOSOMES; PLASTIDS; and VACUOLES.	Membranes, Intracellular,Intracellular Membrane,Membrane, Intracellular
D008297	Male		Males
D002118	Calcium	A basic element found in nearly all tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.	Coagulation Factor IV,Factor IV,Blood Coagulation Factor IV,Calcium-40,Calcium 40,Factor IV, Coagulation
D002217	Carbachol	A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	Carbamylcholine,Carbacholine,Carbamann,Carbamoylcholine,Carbastat,Carbocholine,Carboptic,Doryl,Isopto Carbachol,Jestryl,Miostat,Carbachol, Isopto
D002540	Cerebral Cortex	The thin layer of GRAY MATTER on the surface of the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES that develops from the TELENCEPHALON and folds into gyri and sulci. It reaches its highest development in humans and is responsible for intellectual faculties and higher mental functions.	Allocortex,Archipallium,Cortex Cerebri,Cortical Plate,Paleocortex,Periallocortex,Allocortices,Archipalliums,Cerebral Cortices,Cortex Cerebrus,Cortex, Cerebral,Cortical Plates,Paleocortices,Periallocortices,Plate, Cortical
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001285	Atropine	An alkaloid, originally from Atropa belladonna, but found in other plants, mainly SOLANACEAE. Hyoscyamine is the 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.	AtroPen,Atropin Augenöl,Atropine Sulfate,Atropine Sulfate Anhydrous,Atropinol,Anhydrous, Atropine Sulfate,Augenöl, Atropin,Sulfate Anhydrous, Atropine,Sulfate, Atropine
D013268	Stimulation, Chemical	The increase in a measurable parameter of a PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESS, including cellular, microbial, and plant; immunological, cardiovascular, respiratory, reproductive, urinary, digestive, neural, musculoskeletal, ocular, and skin physiological processes; or METABOLIC PROCESS, including enzymatic and other pharmacological processes, by a drug or other chemical.	Chemical Stimulation,Chemical Stimulations,Stimulations, Chemical
D013755	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.	Phorbol Myristate Acetate,12-Myristoyl-13-acetylphorbol,12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol 13-Acetate,Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, 4a alpha-Isomer,12 Myristoyl 13 acetylphorbol,12 O Tetradecanoyl Phorbol 13 Acetate,13-Acetate, 12-O-Tetradecanoyl Phorbol,Acetate, Phorbol Myristate,Acetate, Tetradecanoylphorbol,Myristate Acetate, Phorbol,Phorbol 13-Acetate, 12-O-Tetradecanoyl,Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate, 4a alpha Isomer