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In 1986-1988, the authors had experiences with thoracic epidural anesthesia for a variety of major abdominal operations in 303 patients. It is proved to be reliable and effective. The puncture levels were between T8 to T12. 2% lidocaine, in plain form or with 1:200,000 epinephrine, was used as anesthetic agent. Perioperative complications were carefully managed with satisfactory results. Post-operative conditions were evaluated and seemed to be superior to those of general anesthesia in many aspects. No patient had neurologic deficit as a result of the epidural anesthesia. We concluded that thoracic epidural anesthesia is an excellent alternative technique in major abdominal surgeries.
W R Ko, and
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M H Chen, and
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Y K Lin
December 2003,
Anesthesia and analgesia,
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Y K Lin
January 1998,
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Y K Lin
July 1989,
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April 2023,
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W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
January 1992,
Der Anaesthesist,
W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
January 1978,
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W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
October 2023,
Surgical laparoscopy, endoscopy & percutaneous techniques,
W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
May 2002,
Anesthesia and analgesia,
W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
March 1999,
Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie,
W R Ko, and
C C Chao, and
C M Wang, and
C H Lin, and
M H Chen, and
H J Lin, and
Y K Lin
May 2014,
Anesthesiology,
