Biomaterial Database

Effects of divergent selection for body weight on three skeletal muscles characteristics in the chicken. 1994

H Remignon, and L Lefaucheur, and J C Blum, and F H Ricard

Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Station de Recherches Avicoles, Nouzilly, France.

1. Histochemical (fibre type distribution and areas) and biochemical (myosin isoforms) characteristics of three muscles, M. anterior latissimus dorsi, M. pectoralis major and M. sartorius, were compared among male chickens of two lines at 11 and 55 weeks of age. 2. The lines were derived from a divergent selection based on growth rate. Cockerels from the Fast Growing Line (FGL) were 2.3 times heavier than those from the Slow Growing Line (SGL) when 11 weeks old and 1.7 times at 55 weeks of age. The latter age was chosen as representative of the adult stage and the 11-week age because, at this time, FGL cocks weighed as much as SGL cockerels at 55 weeks. 3. At both ages, the two lines showed similar fibre type distributions, but the total number in the ALD muscle, and the size (cross-sectional areas) of fibres in each muscle were higher in the FGL compared with the SGL (14.6% and 33% more at 11 and 55 weeks of age respectively in favour of the FGL birds). 4. The two lines displayed similar myosin isoform patterns when adult muscles were compared (55 weeks). They differed slightly at 11 weeks of age, muscle differentiation being completed only in the FGL. 5. Comparisons of the two lines at the same live weight (i.e. FGL cockerels at 11 weeks of age and SGL cockerels at 55 weeks) showed larger muscle fibres in the SGL and no difference in the isomyosin patterns.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009132	Muscles	Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals.	Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D009218	Myosins	A diverse superfamily of proteins that function as translocating proteins. They share the common characteristics of being able to bind ACTINS and hydrolyze MgATP. Myosins generally consist of heavy chains which are involved in locomotion, and light chains which are involved in regulation. Within the structure of myosin heavy chain are three domains: the head, the neck and the tail. The head region of the heavy chain contains the actin binding domain and MgATPase domain which provides energy for locomotion. The neck region is involved in binding the light-chains. The tail region provides the anchoring point that maintains the position of the heavy chain. The superfamily of myosins is organized into structural classes based upon the type and arrangement of the subunits they contain.	Myosin ATPase,ATPase, Actin-Activated,ATPase, Actomyosin,ATPase, Myosin,Actin-Activated ATPase,Actomyosin ATPase,Actomyosin Adenosinetriphosphatase,Adenosine Triphosphatase, Myosin,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Actomyosin,Adenosinetriphosphatase, Myosin,Myosin,Myosin Adenosinetriphosphatase,ATPase, Actin Activated,Actin Activated ATPase,Myosin Adenosine Triphosphatase
D009929	Organ Size	The measurement of an organ in volume, mass, or heaviness.	Organ Volume,Organ Weight,Size, Organ,Weight, Organ
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D006651	Histocytochemistry	Study of intracellular distribution of chemicals, reaction sites, enzymes, etc., by means of staining reactions, radioactive isotope uptake, selective metal distribution in electron microscopy, or other methods.	Cytochemistry
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012641	Selection, Genetic	Differential and non-random reproduction of different genotypes, operating to alter the gene frequencies within a population.	Natural Selection,Genetic Selection,Selection, Natural