Biomaterial Database

[The energy and nitrogen metabolism of pregnant and lactating sows and suckling piglets. 2. Chemical composition and energy content of the animal bodies of pregnant, non-pregnant and lactating sows]. 1993

M Beyer, and W Jentsch, and L Hoffmann, and R Schiemann

Forschungsinstitut für die Biologie landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere, Dummerstorf-Rostock, Germany.

The influence of litter number (1, 2 and 4, age of sows) as well as gestation and lactation stage of sows on the chemical composition and on the quantities of protein and fat of their bodies was investigated. The slaughter of 46 pregnant, 18 non-pregnant and 17 lactating sows were carried out at the 1st, 56th, 84th, 98th, 105th and 113th day of gestation, 113th day of experiment (non-pregnant sows) and 26th day of lactation. The results were related to the sows' energy supply (120, 100 and 80%) with equal supply of protein, vitamins and minerals. Within the tested litter numbers the chemical composition of the bodies was nearly constant during the whole time of gestation and lactation. A good agreement existed for the chemical composition of the sows' bodies of litter number 1 and 2. In comparison to them the bodies of litter number 4 contained more protein and less fat per kg dry matter. The quantities of body protein and fat increased in the gestation and decreased in the lactation period, in each case the quantities of fat exceeded than the quantities of protein. The quantities of body protein increased with higher litter number. The quantities of body fat increased from litter number 1 to 2 and were nearly equal in the sows of litter numbers 1 and 4. Within one litter number the amounts of body protein and fat attained the same level in pregnant, non-pregnant and lactating sows.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007774	Lactation	The processes of milk secretion by the maternal MAMMARY GLANDS after PARTURITION. The proliferation of the mammary glandular tissue, milk synthesis, and milk expulsion or let down are regulated by the interactions of several hormones including ESTRADIOL; PROGESTERONE; PROLACTIN; and OXYTOCIN.	Lactation, Prolonged,Milk Secretion,Lactations, Prolonged,Milk Secretions,Prolonged Lactation,Prolonged Lactations
D008460	Meat	The edible portions of any animal used for food including cattle, swine, goats/sheep, poultry, fish, shellfish, and game.	Meats
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D010298	Parity	The number of offspring a female has borne. It is contrasted with GRAVIDITY, which refers to the number of pregnancies, regardless of outcome.	Multiparity,Nulliparity,Primiparity,Parity Progression Ratio,Parity Progression Ratios,Ratio, Parity Progression,Ratios, Parity Progression
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D011270	Pregnancy, Animal	The process of bearing developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero in non-human mammals, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Animal Pregnancies,Animal Pregnancy,Pregnancies, Animal
D011506	Proteins	Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.	Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D001823	Body Composition	The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat.	Body Compositions,Composition, Body,Compositions, Body
D001835	Body Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Body Weights,Weight, Body,Weights, Body
D002149	Energy Intake	Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.	Caloric Intake,Calorie Intake,Intake, Calorie,Intake, Energy