-transparent.png){kind=logo}
Two important sequence elements, designated insulin enhancer binding site 1 (IEB1) or NIR and IEB2 or FAR, are involved in regulating expression of the rat insulin I gene. These elements bind a helix-loop-helix transcription factor, insulin enhancer factor 1 (IEF1). The IEB1 site is highly conserved among insulin genes but the IEB2 site is not conserved. To investigate the factors binding at the equivalent IEB1 and IEB2 sites in the human insulin gene enhancer, electrophoretic mobility shift assays were performed using a variety of cell extracts and probes specific for the homologous IEB1 and IEB2 sites. The results indicate that a factor with similar tissue distribution and binding characteristics to those of IEF1 binds to the IEB1 site in the human insulin gene, but that a separate factor, identified as the adenovirus major late transcription factor [MLTF, or upstream stimulating factor (USF)] binds to the IEB2 site.
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
January 1993,
Nucleic acids research,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
October 1994,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
October 1990,
Genes & development,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
February 1998,
Biochimica et biophysica acta,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
July 1994,
Diabetes,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
January 1996,
Brain research. Molecular brain research,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
May 1998,
Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.),
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
October 1996,
European journal of biochemistry,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
February 1996,
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
M L Read, and
A R Clark, and
K Docherty
November 1991,
Nature,
