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We examined whether oral administration of allergen induced bronchoconstriction in sensitized guinea pigs and investigated the mechanisms of bronchoconstriction. The animals had been immunized intraperitoneally with a mixture of Ascaris suum extract and silica gel, and exposed to ozone. They were then challenged with an oral dose of A. suum extract (6 mg/kg), and respiratory resistance (Rrs) was measured up to 7 h. After oral administration of the allergen, an increase in Rrs was observed. The mean values at 1, 3, 5 and 7 h after oral allergen challenge were 150 +/- 21, 149 +/- 11, 151 +/- 12 and 134 +/- 10% of the baseline value, respectively. When saline instead of the allergen was orally administered, almost no significant increase in Rrs was observed up to 7 h. Moreover, in nonsensitized guinea pigs, oral administration of allergen produced no significant increase in Rrs for up to 7 h. When atropine was administered as an aerosol, the increase in Rrs induced by an oral allergen challenge was attenuated. Three of the five atropine-treated guinea pigs showed temporary increases in Rrs immediately after the oral allergen challenge. The mean values of Rrs in the atropine-treated animals challenged with oral allergen at 1, 3, 5 and 7 h were 106 +/- 3, 106 +/- 5, 115 +/- 5 and 102 +/- 4% of baseline value, respectively. In the animals which received oral allergen, the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) significantly increased 2.0-fold (p < 0.05), while no significant increase in the number of eosinophils, macrophages, or lymphocytes in BALF was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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