207 apical lung pieces of 128 autopsies with macroscopical visible changes of so called pulmonary apical caps were investigated with histologic and bacteriologic methods. Histologically, 19% of all cases showed tuberculous changes, 43% suspicious tuberculous changes and 38% no tuberculous changes. Mycobacteria were found only in one case by bacteriological methods. The morphological results were correlated with the findings of mass chest x-ray (so-called VRRU). It became evident, that half of all chest x-rays was normal, only one third showed pathological changes and the other third was not registered by the dispensary.