Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on lipid peroxidation and xanthine oxidase activity in rat skeletal muscle. 1993

C Di Giacomo, and F Latteri, and C Fichera, and V Sorrenti, and A Campisi, and C Castorina, and A Russo, and R Pinturo, and A Vanella
Institute of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Italy.

It has been reported that acetyl-L-carnitine (AcCn) can reduce the degenerative processes in the central nervous system of rats, modify the fluidity of membranes and decrease the accumulation of lipofuscins in neurones. In light of these considerations we have assayed the in vitro effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on spontaneous and induced lipoperoxidation in rat skeletal muscle; in addition, the effect of AcCn on XD/XO ratio was evaluated. The presence of AcCn (10-40 mM) in incubation medium significantly reduced MDA and conjugated diene formation in rat skeletal muscle; moreover, a significant decrease in induced MDA levels was observed when microsomal preparation where incubated in the presence of 10-40 mM AcCn. Since a significant reduction of XO activity was detected in the presence of 10-80 mM AcCn, the reduced lipid peroxidation by AcCn seems to be due to an inhibition of XO activity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007700 Kinetics The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297 Male Males
D008315 Malondialdehyde The dialdehyde of malonic acid. Malonaldehyde,Propanedial,Malonylaldehyde,Malonyldialdehyde,Sodium Malondialdehyde,Malondialdehyde, Sodium
D008861 Microsomes Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed) Microsome
D009132 Muscles Contractile tissue that produces movement in animals. Muscle Tissue,Muscle,Muscle Tissues,Tissue, Muscle,Tissues, Muscle
D004121 Dimethyl Sulfoxide A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation. DMSO,Dimethyl Sulphoxide,Dimethylsulfoxide,Dimethylsulphinyl,Dimethylsulphoxide,Dimexide,Rheumabene,Rimso,Rimso 100,Rimso-50,Sclerosol,Sulfinylbis(methane),Rimso 50,Rimso50,Sulfoxide, Dimethyl,Sulphoxide, Dimethyl
D000108 Acetylcarnitine An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS. Acetyl Carnitine,Medosan,Acetyl-L-Carnitine,Acetylcarnitine, (R)-Isomer,Alcar,Branigen,Levocarnitine Acetyl,Acetyl L Carnitine,Carnitine, Acetyl
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014968 Xanthine Dehydrogenase An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of XANTHINE in the presence of NAD+ to form URIC ACID and NADH. It acts also on a variety of other purines and aldehydes. Purine Hydroxylase I,Xanthine Oxidoreductase,Dehydrogenase, Xanthine,Oxidoreductase, Xanthine
D014969 Xanthine Oxidase An iron-molybdenum flavoprotein containing FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE that oxidizes hypoxanthine, some other purines and pterins, and aldehydes. Deficiency of the enzyme, an autosomal recessive trait, causes xanthinuria. Hypoxanthine Oxidase,Hypoxanthine Dehydrogenase,Hypoxanthine-Xanthine Oxidase,Purine-Xanthine Oxidase,Dehydrogenase, Hypoxanthine,Hypoxanthine Xanthine Oxidase,Oxidase, Hypoxanthine,Oxidase, Hypoxanthine-Xanthine,Oxidase, Purine-Xanthine,Oxidase, Xanthine,Purine Xanthine Oxidase

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