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The physiologic effects of surfactant treatment on gas exchange in newborn premature infants with hyaline membrane disease. 1993

R B Cotton, and T Olsson, and A B Law, and R A Parker, and D P Lindstrom, and A R Silberberg, and H W Sundell, and K Sandberg
Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2370.

To describe the physiologic effects of surfactant treatment on gas exchange in human premature infants with hyaline membrane disease, functional residual capacity (FRC), tidal volume (VT), the alveolar portion of tidal volume (VA), alveolar ventilation (VA), nitrogen clearance index, effective breath fraction calculated as VA/VT, compliance of the respiratory system, and arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions were measured in 17 patients before and 0.5, 2, and 6 h after the administration of a single dose of either a synthetic surfactant (SS), Exosurf (n = 10), or a bovine surfactant (BS), Survanta (n = 7). By 2 h, treatment with either BS or SS was followed by an increase in the arterial/alveolar ratio of PO2 (a/A) and in FRC (p < 0.01 for both a/A and FRC). The a/A and FRC improved sooner (p < 0.001) and to a greater extent (p < 0.01) after BS than after SS. Compliance of the respiratory system and VT were decreased after either BS or SS at 0.5 h (p < 0.01) and remained decreased after SS at 2 h (p < 0.01). There was no significant change in VA or VA after either BS or SS. Because FRC and a/A increased without an accompanying increase in VA, VA, or compliance of the respiratory system, we believe that the immediate increase in FRC in this study was caused by stabilization of gas exchange units already being ventilated in addition to recruitment of new units.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D007234 Infant, Premature A human infant born before 37 weeks of GESTATION. Neonatal Prematurity,Premature Infants,Preterm Infants,Infant, Preterm,Infants, Premature,Infants, Preterm,Premature Infant,Prematurity, Neonatal,Preterm Infant
D008297 Male Males
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D010767 Phosphorylcholine Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction. Choline Chloride Dihydrogen Phosphate,Choline Phosphate Chloride,Phosphorylcholine Chloride,Choline Phosphate,Phosphocholine,Chloride, Choline Phosphate,Chloride, Phosphorylcholine,Phosphate Chloride, Choline,Phosphate, Choline
D011092 Polyethylene Glycols Polymers of ETHYLENE OXIDE and water, and their ethers. They vary in consistency from liquid to solid depending on the molecular weight indicated by a number following the name. They are used as SURFACTANTS, dispersing agents, solvents, ointment and suppository bases, vehicles, and tablet excipients. Some specific groups are NONOXYNOLS, OCTOXYNOLS, and POLOXAMERS. Macrogols,Polyoxyethylenes,Carbowax,Macrogol,Polyethylene Glycol,Polyethylene Oxide,Polyethyleneoxide,Polyglycol,Glycol, Polyethylene,Glycols, Polyethylene,Oxide, Polyethylene,Oxides, Polyethylene,Polyethylene Oxides,Polyethyleneoxides,Polyglycols,Polyoxyethylene
D011663 Pulmonary Surfactants Substances and drugs that lower the SURFACE TENSION of the mucoid layer lining the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Surfactants, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Surfactant,Surfactant, Pulmonary
D012129 Respiratory Function Tests Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc. Lung Function Tests,Pulmonary Function Tests,Function Test, Pulmonary,Function Tests, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Function Test,Test, Pulmonary Function,Tests, Pulmonary Function,Function Test, Lung,Function Test, Respiratory,Function Tests, Lung,Function Tests, Respiratory,Lung Function Test,Respiratory Function Test,Test, Lung Function,Test, Respiratory Function,Tests, Lung Function,Tests, Respiratory Function
D001724 Birth Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. Birthweight,Birth Weights,Birthweights,Weight, Birth,Weights, Birth
D004338 Drug Combinations Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture. Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug

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