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Inactivation of glutathione peroxidase correlates with the rate of hemoglobin chain oxidation. The enzyme inactivation is mainly present in those conditions where the autoxidation of the oxygenated chains is followed by transformation of the oxidized molecule into a hemichrome. Free hemoglobin chains have been encapsulated in human red blood cells by a dialysis technique that involves transient hypotonic hemolysis followed by isotonic resealing. Chain-loaded erythrocytes represent a good in vitro model of thalassemia. The presence of free human chains in the cell alters the intraerythrocytic glutathione peroxidase activity (alpha chains are more effective in the inactivation of the enzyme with respect to the beta chains).
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