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Tolerant T cells are characterized by their partial or full resistance to activation by antigen. We investigated whether tolerant T cells were still receptive to further tolerogenic signals. T cells expressing a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) specific for the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule Kb were deleted in mice carrying Kb but not in mice expressing the mutant Kb-molecule Kbm1 [TCR (H-2bm1 x k) mice]. These T cells were tolerant in vivo but could be activated in vitro by the Kb antigen. This in vitro reactivity was abolished after the tolerant T cells encountered Kb-positive cells that had been intravenously injected. Furthermore, in TCR (H-2bm1 x k) mice expressing Kb only on hepatocytes, no T lymphocytes bearing the transgenic TCR could be found in the periphery, indicating that the additional contact with Kb on hepatocytes led to deletion of the tolerant T cells. These findings demonstrate that tolerance induction can be a multi-step process.
G Schönrich, and
J Alferink, and
A Klevenz, and
G Küblbeck, and
N Auphan, and
A M Schmitt-Verhulst, and
G J Hämmerling, and
B Arnold
June 1993,
Immunological reviews,
G Schönrich, and
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G Küblbeck, and
N Auphan, and
A M Schmitt-Verhulst, and
G J Hämmerling, and
B Arnold
March 2007,
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B Arnold
January 2000,
Steroids,
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B Arnold
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration,
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Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases,
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B Arnold
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The Lancet. Public health,
G Schönrich, and
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B Arnold
January 1982,
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G Schönrich, and
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G J Hämmerling, and
B Arnold
August 1988,
European journal of biochemistry,
G Schönrich, and
J Alferink, and
A Klevenz, and
G Küblbeck, and
N Auphan, and
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G J Hämmerling, and
B Arnold
September 2019,
Viruses,
G Schönrich, and
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G Küblbeck, and
N Auphan, and
A M Schmitt-Verhulst, and
G J Hämmerling, and
B Arnold
March 1989,
Immunobiology,
