Biomaterial Database

Effects of gamma-linolenic acid, flavonoids, and vitamins on cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation. 1994

R Ramanathan, and N P Das, and C H Tan

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore.

Gamma linolenic acid (GLA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid, promoted lipid peroxidation in Raji lymphoma suspension cultures, in a dose (10 microM-100 microM) and time-dependent (4 h-48 h) manner. The increase in lipid peroxidation could be correlated to an increase in cytotoxicity. The plant flavonoids (quercetin, luteolin, butein, rutin) and the fat-soluble components (retinol, retinoic acid, alpha-tocopherol) by themselves did not affect lipid peroxidation in Raji cells. Quercetin, luteolin, retinol, and alpha-tocopherol were able to inhibit cell proliferation significantly. Although GLA only decreased the cytotoxicity of retinol-treated cells, the latter compound was able to block the prooxidative action of GLA by scavenging the free radicals induced by it. Quercetin at 50 and 100 microM exerted equipotent superoxide anion scavenging effects, but at the higher concentration it had no effect on lipid peroxidation. Although the bioactive test compounds are well known natural antioxidants, interestingly, our data showed that their potent cytotoxic actions do not involve free radicals or lipid peroxidation reactions.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008223	Lymphoma	A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	Germinoblastoma,Lymphoma, Malignant,Reticulolymphosarcoma,Sarcoma, Germinoblastic,Germinoblastic Sarcoma,Germinoblastic Sarcomas,Germinoblastomas,Lymphomas,Lymphomas, Malignant,Malignant Lymphoma,Malignant Lymphomas,Reticulolymphosarcomas,Sarcomas, Germinoblastic
D008315	Malondialdehyde	The dialdehyde of malonic acid.	Malonaldehyde,Propanedial,Malonylaldehyde,Malonyldialdehyde,Sodium Malondialdehyde,Malondialdehyde, Sodium
D011794	Quercetin	A flavonol widely distributed in plants. It is an antioxidant, like many other phenolic heterocyclic compounds. Glycosylated forms include RUTIN and quercetrin.	3,3',4',5,7-Pentahydroxyflavone,Dikvertin
D005419	Flavonoids	A group of phenyl benzopyrans named for having structures like FLAVONES.	2-Phenyl-Benzopyran,2-Phenyl-Chromene,Bioflavonoid,Bioflavonoids,Flavonoid,2-Phenyl-Benzopyrans,2-Phenyl-Chromenes,2 Phenyl Benzopyran,2 Phenyl Benzopyrans,2 Phenyl Chromene,2 Phenyl Chromenes
D014407	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.	Cultured Tumor Cells,Neoplastic Cells, Cultured,Cultured Neoplastic Cells,Cell, Cultured Neoplastic,Cell, Cultured Tumor,Cells, Cultured Neoplastic,Cells, Cultured Tumor,Cultured Neoplastic Cell,Cultured Tumor Cell,Neoplastic Cell, Cultured,Tumor Cell, Cultured
D014801	Vitamin A	Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.	Retinol,11-cis-Retinol,3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraen-1-ol, (all-E)-Isomer,All-Trans-Retinol,Aquasol A,Vitamin A1,All Trans Retinol
D014810	Vitamin E	A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.
D014815	Vitamins	Organic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be manufactured by the human body.	Vitamin
D015227	Lipid Peroxidation	Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.	Lipid Peroxidations,Peroxidation, Lipid,Peroxidations, Lipid
D016923	Cell Death	The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.	Death, Cell