Dietary fiber values for various breads are higher using enzymatic analysis rather than detergent analysis. 1994

J K Ross
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington 05405.

OBJECTIVE To compare the dietary fiber content of breads commonly eaten in Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, and Vermont. METHODS Dietary fiber content was determined according to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) plus pectin values and enzymatic gravimetric fiber values. White, whole-wheat, 100% stone-ground whole-wheat, cracked-wheat, and Roman Meal breads were analyzed for hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, total NDF, pectin, and enzymatic gravimetric total fiber. METHODS Analysis of variance was used to determine significant F tests, and individual means were compared using Duncan's multiple range test. RESULTS The 100% stone-ground whole-wheat bread had the most total fiber and fiber components followed by whole-wheat, Roman Meal, cracked-wheat, and white bread, except for pectin, of which Roman Meal had the most. The enzymatic gravimetric method of determining total fiber gave significantly (P < .0001) greater dietary fiber values than the values obtained by analyzing NDF plus pectin. These values ranged from 153% to 370% higher; however, there was a high degree of correlation (r = .95) between the methods. CONCLUSIONS When recommending types of breads, dietitians should be aware of added ingredients that influence fiber values. When using published fiber values, dietitians should consider the technique used to quantify the fiber content.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008824 Michigan State bounded on the north by the Great Lakes, on the east by Canada, on the south by Wisconsin, Indiana, and Ohio, and on the west by Lake Michigan and Wisconsin.
D009505 Nevada State bounded on the north by Oregon and Idaho, on the east by Utah, on the south and west by California.
D010368 Pectins High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Calcium Pectinate,Methoxy Pectin,Methoxylpectin,Methoxypectin,Pectin,Pectinic Acid,Zinc Pectinate,Pectin, Methoxy,Pectinate, Calcium,Pectinate, Zinc
D011096 Polygalacturonase A cell wall-degrading enzyme found in microorganisms and higher plants. It catalyzes the random hydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans. EC 3.2.1.15. Pectin Depolymerase,Pectinase,Endopolygalacturonase,Depolymerase, Pectin
D001939 Bread Baked food product made of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded, and sometimes fermented. A major food since prehistoric times, it has been made in various forms using a variety of ingredients and methods. Breads
D004043 Dietary Fiber The remnants of plant cell walls that are resistant to digestion by the alimentary enzymes of man. It comprises various polysaccharides and lignins. Fiber, Dietary,Roughage,Wheat Bran,Bran, Wheat,Brans, Wheat,Dietary Fibers,Fibers, Dietary,Roughages,Wheat Brans
D005845 Georgia A state located in the southeastern United States, The capital is Atlanta.
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D014707 Vermont State bounded on the north by Canada, on the east by New Hampshire, on the south by Massachusetts, and on the west by New York.

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