Biomaterial Database

Premature pulmonary valve opening. 1977

L S Wann, and A E Weyman, and J C Dillon, and H Feigenbaum

Premature opening of the pulmonary valve (opening independent of atrial or ventricular systole) was originally described in a case of sinus of Valsalva rupture into the right atrium. Since that time we have observed five additional cases in which the pulmonary valve opened prematurely. Entities encountered included: 1) constrictive pericarditis; 2) Loeffler's endocarditis; 3) Ebstein's anomaly with tricuspid regurgitation; 4) tricuspid regurgitation following tricuspid valvulectomy, and 5) pulmonary regurgitation accompanied by atrial septal defect. In the first two cases, premature pulmonary valve opening is felt to be due to restriction of diastolic filling of the right ventricle with subsequent early diastolic rise in pressure equalling or exceeding pulmonary artery diastolic pressure. In the latter three cases, the increased volume of blood entering the right ventricle again appeared to result in a rapid rise in initial right ventricular diastolic pressure and to produce premature opening of the pulmonary valve. Premature pulmonary valve opening, therefore, does not appear specific for any particular clinical entity but reflects the relative pressures in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery during diastole.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010494	Pericarditis, Constrictive	Inflammation of the PERICARDIUM that is characterized by the fibrous scarring and adhesion of both serous layers, the VISCERAL PERICARDIUM and the PARIETAL PERICARDIUM leading to the loss of pericardial cavity. The thickened pericardium severely restricts cardiac filling. Clinical signs include FATIGUE, muscle wasting, and WEIGHT LOSS.	Constrictive Pericarditis,Pick's Disease of Heart,Pick Disease of Heart,Constrictive Pericarditides,Heart Pick's Disease,Pericarditides, Constrictive,Pick Disease, Heart,Picks Disease, Heart
D011664	Pulmonary Valve	A valve situated at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle.	Pulmonary Valves,Valve, Pulmonary,Valves, Pulmonary
D011665	Pulmonary Valve Insufficiency	Backflow of blood from the PULMONARY ARTERY into the RIGHT VENTRICLE due to imperfect closure of the PULMONARY VALVE.	Pulmonary Regurgitation,Pulmonary Valve Incompetence,Incompetence, Pulmonary Valve,Insufficiency, Pulmonary Valve,Pulmonary Valve Regurgitation,Regurgitation, Pulmonary,Regurgitation, Pulmonary Valve,Valve Incompetence, Pulmonary,Valve Insufficiency, Pulmonary,Valve Regurgitation, Pulmonary
D004437	Ebstein Anomaly	A congenital heart defect characterized by downward or apical displacement of the TRICUSPID VALVE, usually with the septal and posterior leaflets being attached to the wall of the RIGHT VENTRICLE. It is characterized by a huge RIGHT ATRIUM and a small and less effective right ventricle.	Ebstein's Anomaly,Ebstein's Malformation,Familial Ebstein's Anomaly,Anomaly, Ebstein,Anomaly, Ebstein's,Ebstein Malformation,Ebstein's Anomaly, Familial,Ebsteins Anomaly,Ebsteins Malformation,Familial Ebstein Anomaly,Familial Ebsteins Anomaly,Malformation, Ebstein's
D004452	Echocardiography	Ultrasonic recording of the size, motion, and composition of the heart and surrounding tissues. The standard approach is transthoracic.	Echocardiography, Contrast,Echocardiography, Cross-Sectional,Echocardiography, M-Mode,Echocardiography, Transthoracic,Echocardiography, Two-Dimensional,Transthoracic Echocardiography,2-D Echocardiography,2D Echocardiography,Contrast Echocardiography,Cross-Sectional Echocardiography,Echocardiography, 2-D,Echocardiography, 2D,M-Mode Echocardiography,Two-Dimensional Echocardiography,2 D Echocardiography,Cross Sectional Echocardiography,Echocardiography, 2 D,Echocardiography, Cross Sectional,Echocardiography, M Mode,Echocardiography, Two Dimensional,M Mode Echocardiography,Two Dimensional Echocardiography
D004696	Endocarditis	Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart (ENDOCARDIUM), the continuous membrane lining the four chambers and HEART VALVES. It is often caused by microorganisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and rickettsiae. Left untreated, endocarditis can damage heart valves and become life-threatening.	Infective Endocarditis,Endocarditides,Endocarditides, Infective,Endocarditis, Infective,Infective Endocarditides
D005260	Female		Females
D006344	Heart Septal Defects, Atrial	Developmental abnormalities in any portion of the ATRIAL SEPTUM resulting in abnormal communications between the two upper chambers of the heart. Classification of atrial septal defects is based on location of the communication and types of incomplete fusion of atrial septa with the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS in the fetal heart. They include ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and coronary sinus defects.	Atrial Septal Defects,Ostium Primum Atrial Septal Defect,Persistent Ostium Primum,Atrial Septal Defect,Atrial Septal Defect Ostium Primum,Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect,Defect, Atrial Septal,Ostium Primum, Persistent,Primum, Persistent Ostium,Septal Defect, Atrial
D006349	Heart Valve Diseases	Pathological conditions involving any of the various HEART VALVES and the associated structures (PAPILLARY MUSCLES and CHORDAE TENDINEAE).	Heart Valvular Disease,Valvular Heart Diseases,Disease, Heart Valvular,Heart Disease, Valvular,Heart Valve Disease,Heart Valvular Diseases,Valve Disease, Heart,Valvular Disease, Heart,Valvular Heart Disease