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Periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage following early and delayed umbilical cord clamping. A randomized controlled trial. 1993

G J Hofmeyr, and L Gobetz, and P J Bex, and M Van der Griendt, and C Nikodem, and R Skapinker, and T Delahunt
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Coronation Hospital, Parktown, South Africa.

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that early compared with delayed clamping of the umbilical cords of low-birthweight babies may increase the incidence of periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH/IVH). METHODS Randomized controlled trial. METHODS The labor wards of 3 teaching hospitals of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. METHODS Women expected to give birth to babies weighing less than 2000 g. METHODS Allocation by randomly ordered, sealed cards to a policy either of clamping the umbilical cord immediately after delivery, or, if possible, delaying cord clamping for 1 to 2 min. METHODS Ultrasound diagnosis of PVH/IVH about 24 h after birth by an observer blind to the allocation of each patient. RESULTS PVH/IVH was diagnosed in 8/40 (20%) of neonates following delayed umbilical cord clamping and 11/46 (24%) following early cord clamping (odds ratio 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.29 to 2.20). CONCLUSIONS This study does not confirm that early clamping of the umbilical cord may contribute to the initiation of PVH/IVH in low-birthweight neonates, but further studies are required before the hypothesis can be rejected with confidence.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007230 Infant, Low Birth Weight An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less. Low Birth Weight,Low-Birth-Weight Infant,Birth Weight, Low,Birth Weights, Low,Infant, Low-Birth-Weight,Infants, Low-Birth-Weight,Low Birth Weight Infant,Low Birth Weights,Low-Birth-Weight Infants
D007231 Infant, Newborn An infant during the first 28 days after birth. Neonate,Newborns,Infants, Newborn,Neonates,Newborn,Newborn Infant,Newborn Infants
D010865 Pilot Projects Small-scale tests of methods and procedures to be used on a larger scale if the pilot study demonstrates that these methods and procedures can work. Pilot Studies,Pilot Study,Pilot Project,Project, Pilot,Projects, Pilot,Studies, Pilot,Study, Pilot
D011247 Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. Gestation,Pregnancies
D002543 Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhage,Hemorrhage, Cerebrum,Brain Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhage,Cerebral Brain Hemorrhages,Cerebral Hemorrhages,Cerebral Parenchymal Hemorrhages,Cerebrum Hemorrhage,Cerebrum Hemorrhages,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhage, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhage, Intracerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Brain,Hemorrhages, Cerebral Parenchymal,Hemorrhages, Cerebrum,Hemorrhages, Intracerebral,Intracerebral Hemorrhages,Parenchymal Hemorrhage, Cerebral,Parenchymal Hemorrhages, Cerebral
D003250 Constriction The act of constricting. Clamping,Clampings,Constrictions
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013997 Time Factors Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations. Time Series,Factor, Time,Time Factor
D014470 Umbilical Cord The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing FETUS to the PLACENTA in mammals. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus. Cord, Umbilical,Cords, Umbilical,Umbilical Cords

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