Biomaterial Database

Extraction and quantitation of paraquat and diquat from blood. 1993

T Matsuoka, and J Okuda

Criminal Investigation Laboratory, Aichi Prefectural Police Headquarters, Nagoya, Japan.

Trace amounts of paraquat and diquat in blood were extracted with phenol after deproteinization of blood protein with a chloroform:ethanol mixture and ammonium sulfate. The color reaction of paraquat was achieved by addition of alkaline sodium dithionite to the phenolic extract. The blue paraquat radical produced was determined directly by measurement of the absorption of the phenol layer. The assay of paraquat (> or = 0.5 micrograms) in 1.0 ml of blood (recovery, 93.4%) could be performed within 30 min. Furthermore, simultaneous analysis of paraquat and diquat in the phenolic extract of the sample could be achieved by use of second-derivative spectroscopy within 30 min.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010269	Paraquat	A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.	Methyl Viologen,Gramoxone,Paragreen A,Viologen, Methyl
D010636	Phenols	Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
D002725	Chloroform	A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.	Trichloromethane
D004178	Diquat	A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	Diquat Dibromide,Dibromide, Diquat
D004227	Dithionite	Dithionite. The dithionous acid ion and its salts.	Hyposulfite,Sodium Dithionite,Dithionite, Sodium
D005069	Evaluation Studies as Topic	Works about studies that determine the effectiveness or value of processes, personnel, and equipment, or the material on conducting such studies.	Critique,Evaluation Indexes,Evaluation Methodology,Evaluation Report,Evaluation Research,Methodology, Evaluation,Pre-Post Tests,Qualitative Evaluation,Quantitative Evaluation,Theoretical Effectiveness,Use-Effectiveness,Critiques,Effectiveness, Theoretical,Evaluation Methodologies,Evaluation Reports,Evaluation, Qualitative,Evaluation, Quantitative,Evaluations, Qualitative,Evaluations, Quantitative,Indexes, Evaluation,Methodologies, Evaluation,Pre Post Tests,Pre-Post Test,Qualitative Evaluations,Quantitative Evaluations,Report, Evaluation,Reports, Evaluation,Research, Evaluation,Test, Pre-Post,Tests, Pre-Post,Use Effectiveness
D005554	Forensic Medicine	The application of medical knowledge to questions of law.	Legal Medicine,Medicine, Forensic,Medicine, Legal
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000431	Ethanol	A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.	Alcohol, Ethyl,Absolute Alcohol,Grain Alcohol,Alcohol, Absolute,Alcohol, Grain,Ethyl Alcohol
D000645	Ammonium Sulfate	Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.	Sulfate, Ammonium