Biomaterial Database

Pancreatic islet blood flow in the rat after administration of islet amyloid polypeptide or calcitonin gene-related peptide. 1994

A M Svensson, and S Sandler, and L Jansson

Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Sweden.

Anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-400 g) were injected intravenously with either 0.1, 1, 15, or 25 nmol rat islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), 65 or 650 pmol rat calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), or saline alone. IAPP at the two highest doses decreased the mean arterial blood pressure (BP), increased blood glucose concentrations, and decreased serum insulin concentrations. CGRP at both doses decreased the BP but did not affect the blood glucose concentrations. The blood flow to the whole pancreas, pancreatic islets, adrenal glands, colon, duodenum, liver, and kidney was measured with a microsphere technique 30 min after administration of IAPP and 3 min after injection of CGRP. The two higher doses of IAPP (15 and 25 nmol) markedly reduced the whole pancreatic blood flow, whereas the islet blood flow remained unaffected. This resulted in an increase in the fraction of whole pancreatic blood flow diverted through the islets from approximately 10 to 17%. No blood flow changes in the pancreas or the islets were observed when 0.1 or 1 nmol IAPP was injected. CGRP at both doses caused a decrease in both whole pancreatic and islet blood flow. No changes in fractional islet blood flow were observed, despite similar effects on mean arterial BP as observed after IAPP injections. Neither adrenal, duodenal, colonic, hepatic, skeletal muscle, nor renal blood flow were significantly affected by any of the concentrations of IAPP used, whereas 650 pmol CGRP decreased both duodenal and colonic blood flow. We conclude that IAPP and CGRP have different effects on pancreatic islet blood flow and that IAPP may be of importance for islet blood flow regulation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D007515	Islets of Langerhans	Irregular microscopic structures consisting of cords of endocrine cells that are scattered throughout the PANCREAS among the exocrine acini. Each islet is surrounded by connective tissue fibers and penetrated by a network of capillaries. There are four major cell types. The most abundant beta cells (50-80%) secrete INSULIN. Alpha cells (5-20%) secrete GLUCAGON. PP cells (10-35%) secrete PANCREATIC POLYPEPTIDE. Delta cells (~5%) secrete SOMATOSTATIN.	Islands of Langerhans,Islet Cells,Nesidioblasts,Pancreas, Endocrine,Pancreatic Islets,Cell, Islet,Cells, Islet,Endocrine Pancreas,Islet Cell,Islet, Pancreatic,Islets, Pancreatic,Langerhans Islands,Langerhans Islets,Nesidioblast,Pancreatic Islet
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008297	Male		Males
D010179	Pancreas	A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D001783	Blood Flow Velocity	A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed.	Blood Flow Velocities,Flow Velocities, Blood,Flow Velocity, Blood,Velocities, Blood Flow,Velocity, Blood Flow
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D001794	Blood Pressure	PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.	Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D000682	Amyloid	A fibrous protein complex that consists of proteins folded into a specific cross beta-pleated sheet structure. This fibrillar structure has been found as an alternative folding pattern for a variety of functional proteins. Deposits of amyloid in the form of AMYLOID PLAQUES are associated with a variety of degenerative diseases. The amyloid structure has also been found in a number of functional proteins that are unrelated to disease.	Amyloid Fibril,Amyloid Fibrils,Amyloid Substance,Fibril, Amyloid,Fibrils, Amyloid,Substance, Amyloid
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia