Biomaterial Database

Gene manipulation by protoplast fusion and penicillin production by Penicillium chrysogenum. 1993

M K Tahoun

Department of Agricultural Industries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Alexandria, Egypt.

Hybrids have been obtained by protoplast fusion of nitrate-nonutilizing cnx- and acetate-nonutilizing fac- mutants of Penicillium chrysogenum strains 4/95 and 26/818, respectively. Induced haplodization of the hybrids allowed the recovery of stable segregants, which were screened for penicillin production. The penicillin-producing segregants showed a wide range of titers that reached for a certain mutant to 290-390% increase above the parent strains.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D010406	Penicillins	A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)	Antibiotics, Penicillin,Penicillin,Penicillin Antibiotics
D010408	Penicillium chrysogenum	A mitosporic fungal species used in the production of penicillin.	Penicillium chrysogeum,Penicillium notatum
D011523	Protoplasts	The protoplasm and plasma membrane of plant, fungal, bacterial or archaeon cells without the CELL WALL.	Protoplast
D002704	Chlorates	Inorganic salts of chloric acid that contain the ClO3- ion.	Chlorate
D005463	Fluoroacetates	Derivatives of acetic acid with one or more fluorines attached. They are almost odorless, difficult to detect chemically, and very stable. The acid itself, as well as the derivatives that are broken down in the body to the acid, are highly toxic substances, behaving as convulsant poisons with a delayed action. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed)