Biomaterial Database

Bronchial carcinoid tumors. 1993

D G Davila, and W F Dunn, and H D Tazelaar, and P C Pairolero

Division of Thoracic Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.

Bronchial carcinoid tumors, termed (incorrectly) "bronchial adenomas" in the past, are uncommon pulmonary neoplasms. These tumors are currently classified as neuroendocrine in origin because of their potential to form and sometimes secrete a variety of chemical substances. Overall, approximately 75% of bronchial carcinoid tumors arise in the lobar bronchi, 10% occur in the main-stem bronchi, and 15% originate in the periphery of the lung. Well-differentiated carcinoid tumors constitute almost 90% of all bronchial carcinoids. Atypical carcinoid tumors have a higher malignant potential than do typical bronchial carcinoids. The carcinoid syndrome is rarely, if ever, associated with carcinoids limited to the tracheobronchial tree. Occasionally, Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic hormone production is caused by bronchial carcinoid tumors. More than 75% of bronchial carcinoids are detected on conventional posteroanterior chest roentgenograms. Computed tomography may help disclose small neoplasms that are occult on conventional roentgenography, particularly in the assessment of patients who have Cushing's syndrome due to ectopic hormone production. Pulmonary resection is the treatment of choice for bronchial carcinoids. The prognosis is related to the pathologic grade and stage of the tumor.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009490	Neurosecretory Systems	A system of NEURONS that has the specialized function to produce and secrete HORMONES, and that constitutes, in whole or in part, an ENDOCRINE SYSTEM or organ.	Neuroendocrine System,Neuroendocrine Systems,Neurosecretory System,System, Neuroendocrine,System, Neurosecretory,Systems, Neuroendocrine,Systems, Neurosecretory
D001984	Bronchial Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the BRONCHI.	Neoplasms, Bronchial,Bronchial Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Bronchial
D002276	Carcinoid Tumor	A usually small, slow-growing neoplasm composed of islands of rounded, oxyphilic, or spindle-shaped cells of medium size, with moderately small vesicular nuclei, and covered by intact mucosa with a yellow cut surface. The tumor can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract (and in the lungs and other sites); approximately 90% arise in the appendix. It is now established that these tumors are of neuroendocrine origin and derive from a primitive stem cell. (From Stedman, 25th ed & Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1182)	Argentaffinoma,Carcinoid,Carcinoid, Goblet Cell,Argentaffinomas,Carcinoid Tumors,Carcinoids,Carcinoids, Goblet Cell,Goblet Cell Carcinoid,Goblet Cell Carcinoids,Tumor, Carcinoid,Tumors, Carcinoid
D003480	Cushing Syndrome	A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent.	Cushing's Syndrome,Hypercortisolism,Syndrome, Cushing,Syndrome, Cushing's
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D013577	Syndrome	A characteristic symptom complex.	Symptom Cluster,Cluster, Symptom,Clusters, Symptom,Symptom Clusters,Syndromes