Biomaterial Database

Sympathetic pupillary activity in infants. 1977

N Laor, and A D Korczyn, and P Nemet

In an attempt to learn the contribution of the sympathetic system to smaller pupillary size in infants, pupillary responses were tested to agents acting on this system in 12 ihfants and 23 young adults. Phenylephrine dilated the pupils of both groups by the same ratio, with infants' pupils reaching a lesser diameter. The responses to cocaine and hydroxyamphetamine were lower in children. It is concluded that in the first months of life the postganglionic sympathetic nerve releases less norepinephrine. This may be due to a lower number of sympathetic neurons. The post-synaptic apparatus may not be fully developed in infants.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007223	Infant	A child between 1 and 23 months of age.	Infants
D008297	Male		Males
D010136	p-Hydroxyamphetamine	Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, which may also refer to the meta isomer, gepefrine.	Hydroxyphenylisopropylamine,Methyltyramine,Norpholedrin,Oxyamphetamine,para-Hydroxyamphetamine,Hydroxyamfetamine,Hydroxyamphetamin,Hydroxyamphetamine,Hydroxyamphetamine Hydrobromide,Paredrine,Hydrobromide, Hydroxyamphetamine,p Hydroxyamphetamine,para Hydroxyamphetamine
D010656	Phenylephrine	An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.	(R)-3-Hydroxy-alpha-((methylamino)methyl)benzenemethanol,Metaoxedrin,Metasympatol,Mezaton,Neo-Synephrine,Neosynephrine,Phenylephrine Hydrochloride,Phenylephrine Tannate,Neo Synephrine,Tannate, Phenylephrine
D011680	Pupil	The aperture in the iris through which light passes.	Pupils
D003042	Cocaine	An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.	Cocaine HCl,Cocaine Hydrochloride,HCl, Cocaine,Hydrochloride, Cocaine
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000293	Adolescent	A person 13 to 18 years of age.	Adolescence,Youth,Adolescents,Adolescents, Female,Adolescents, Male,Teenagers,Teens,Adolescent, Female,Adolescent, Male,Female Adolescent,Female Adolescents,Male Adolescent,Male Adolescents,Teen,Teenager,Youths
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults