Psychophysical detection thresholds for electrical stimulation of the cochlea were measured in nonhuman primates (macaques) as part of a series of experiments exploring the stimulus features affecting detection. The monkeys were trained psychophysically using operant conditioning. One ear was treated with neomycin to destroy hair cells, and implanted with electrodes in the scala tympani and/or the cochlear wall. In experiment 1, detection thresholds were measured for trains of fixed-duration pulses and for sinusoids. For long-duration pulses (1 to 2 ms/phase), thresholds decreased as a function of frequency (pulse rate), reaching a minimum at a frequency between 125 and 210 pps, then increased as frequency was further increased. For shorter duration pulses, thresholds usually decreased monotonically as a function of frequency but sometimes showed a slight increase as a function of frequency near the highest frequencies tested. Typically slopes of the threshold versus frequency functions for fixed-duration pulses were equal to or less than slopes of threshold versus frequency functions for sinusoidal signals, where frequency and phase duration covaried. Additional observations on two of the cases were made in experiments 2 and 3. In experiment 2, thresholds for pairs of pulses were measured as a function of interpulse interval. Thresholds decreased as a function of interpulse interval up to intervals of 2 to 4 ms and then increased slightly. In experiment 3, thresholds were measured as a function of stimulus duration at two frequencies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)