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Serodiagnostic methods were evaluated in prenatal screening for primary Toxoplasma infections acquired during pregnancy in the Helsinki area. Altogether 44,181 sera were obtained consecutively during each trimester from 16,733 mothers. All IgG-containing samples were first examined by a sensitive mu-capture (IgM) ELISA, and positive results were reassessed by IgM immunoblotting and indirect IgM ELISA. An assay measuring the avidity of toxoplasma IgG was used for the first time under screening conditions. Patients suspected to have recent toxoplasmosis were reexamined by IgA ELISA and selectively by the differential agglutination assay (HS/AC test) and IgE ELISA; 16 women with diagnostic increases in IgG titer, 36 with IgM fulfilling strict specificity criteria, and 25 with IgG of low avidity were identified. The measurement of IgG avidity was a highly specific and sensitive method suitable for verification of acute primary Toxoplasma infections during pregnancy.
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
January 2004,
Annali dell'Istituto superiore di sanita,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
August 2002,
Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
December 1999,
Schweizerische medizinische Wochenschrift,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
March 1988,
Revue francaise de gynecologie et d'obstetrique,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
January 1994,
Harefuah,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
January 2004,
The new microbiologica,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
April 1994,
Epidemiology and infection,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
August 2017,
Acta tropica,
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
January 2012,
Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.),
M Lappalainen, and
P Koskela, and
M Koskiniemi, and
P Ammälä, and
V Hiilesmaa, and
K Teramo, and
K O Raivio, and
J S Remington, and
K Hedman
November 1975,
AMB : revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira,
