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Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B (SP-B) is a 9-kDa lung-specific protein expressed in alveolar epithelial type II cells and Clara cells. The protein markedly increases the surface activity of phospholipids and is an active component in some surfactants in clinical use. SP-B is produced from a 43-kDa precursor protein by proteolytic cleavage of flanking regions from both the NH2- and COOH-terminal ends of the active protein. In this study we have compared the nature of the posttranslational processing of the SP-B precursor in type II cells and in a heterologous cell line transfected with the SP-B precursor. We found that isolated type II cells produce the 9-kDa form of SP-B from the precursor through a series of intermediates detectable in the cell lysates. In contrast Chinese hamster ovary cells stably transfected with the full-length human SP-B precursor produce the precursor and a 26-kDa intermediate but not the 9-kDa protein. The precursor protein in both cell types is glycosylated with NH2-linked sugars. Our results suggest there is cell specificity in the posttranslational processing of the SP-B precursor.
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