Male Wistar rats given a single moderate dose (1.7 mg/kg, IP) of pentobarbital (PB), followed by six trials on the moving belt apparatus during the next hour, showed tolerance to the motor-impairing effects of a second dose of 17 mg/kg given 24 h later. A control group that received saline before the first test showed the usual initial sensitivity when tested with PB 24 h later. Three weeks later, the first group showed cross-tolerance to the effects of ethanol (1.7 g/kg, IP) on the same test, while the second group did not. These findings support the suggestion that rapid tolerance is closely similar to chronic tolerance and that the contribution of intoxicated practice results in a long-lasting component that applies to cross-tolerance to ethanol on the same test.