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Spinule formulation in the fish retina: is there an involvement of actin and tubulin? An electronmicroscopic immunogold study. 1993

Y Schmitz, and K Kohler
Department of Pathophysiology of Vision and Neuroophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.

During light-adaptation dendrites of teleost horizontal cells form finger-like processes, called 'spinules', which are characterized by synaptic membrane densities. To investigate the involvement of cytoskeletal elements in the formation and retraction of spinules, effects of the microtubule and actin inhibitors colchicine and cytochalasin D were examined by injection into the vitreous. Both substances inhibited the light-induced spinule formation. The ultrastructural immunolocalization of tubulin revealed labelling of dendrites only in their proximal parts. The distal parts of dendrites which invaginate into cone pedicles were free of label. Treatment with anti-actin revealed immunoreactivity along the entire length of dendrites up to the dendritic terminals. The spinules, however, showed no labelling. This finding does not support the hypothesis that spinules are protruded by actin polymerization. After cytochalasin D treatment the density of label in the dendritic terminals was enhanced by a factor of three, which suggests an accumulation of actin. Thus, spinule inhibition by cytochalasin D is probably caused by distortion of a functional actin network in the dendritic terminals.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007267 Injections Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe. Injectables,Injectable,Injection
D008870 Microtubules Slender, cylindrical filaments found in the cytoskeleton of plant and animal cells. They are composed of the protein TUBULIN and are influenced by TUBULIN MODULATORS. Microtubule
D009419 Nerve Tissue Proteins Proteins, Nerve Tissue,Tissue Proteins, Nerve
D012160 Retina The ten-layered nervous tissue membrane of the eye. It is continuous with the OPTIC NERVE and receives images of external objects and transmits visual impulses to the brain. Its outer surface is in contact with the CHOROID and the inner surface with the VITREOUS BODY. The outer-most layer is pigmented, whereas the inner nine layers are transparent. Ora Serrata
D002347 Carps Common name for a number of different species of fish in the family Cyprinidae. This includes, among others, the common carp, crucian carp, grass carp, and silver carp. Carassius carassius,Crucian Carp,Cyprinus,Grass Carp,Carp,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Cyprinus carpio,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Koi Carp,Silver Carp,Carp, Crucian,Carp, Grass,Carp, Koi,Carp, Silver,Carps, Crucian,Carps, Grass,Carps, Silver,Crucian Carps,Grass Carps,Silver Carps
D003078 Colchicine A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE). Colchicine, (+-)-Isomer,Colchicine, (R)-Isomer
D003599 Cytoskeleton The network of filaments, tubules, and interconnecting filamentous bridges which give shape, structure, and organization to the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic Filaments,Cytoskeletal Filaments,Microtrabecular Lattice,Cytoplasmic Filament,Cytoskeletal Filament,Cytoskeletons,Filament, Cytoplasmic,Filament, Cytoskeletal,Filaments, Cytoplasmic,Filaments, Cytoskeletal,Lattice, Microtrabecular,Lattices, Microtrabecular,Microtrabecular Lattices
D003712 Dendrites Extensions of the nerve cell body. They are short and branched and receive stimuli from other NEURONS. Dendrite
D000199 Actins Filamentous proteins that are the main constituent of the thin filaments of muscle fibers. The filaments (known also as filamentous or F-actin) can be dissociated into their globular subunits; each subunit is composed of a single polypeptide 375 amino acids long. This is known as globular or G-actin. In conjunction with MYOSINS, actin is responsible for the contraction and relaxation of muscle. F-Actin,G-Actin,Actin,Isoactin,N-Actin,alpha-Actin,alpha-Isoactin,beta-Actin,gamma-Actin,F Actin,G Actin,N Actin,alpha Actin,alpha Isoactin,beta Actin,gamma Actin
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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