Measuring glucose and fructose-6-phosphate cycling in liver in vivo. 1993

B R Landau
Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.

Approaches measuring futile cycling of glucose and fructose-6-phosphate (fructose-6-P) in liver in vivo depend on assumptions about the fates of hydrogens bound to specific carbons of glucose. Thus, 3H of [2-3H]glucose has been assumed to be completely removed after its conversion to glucose-6-P, [3-3H]glucose after its conversion to fructose-1,6-bisP, and [6-3H]glucose not at all. Previous measurements have shown that these assumptions are incompletely fulfilled. Corrections to estimates of cycling can be made when detritiations of [2-3H]glucose and [3-3H]glucose are not complete, and detritiation of [6-3H]glucose occurs. How the corrections can be made is presented using data previously reported on giving labeled glucoses to humans after an overnight fast and on infusing a glucose load. Estimates of glucose cycling nearly double, and that of fructose-6-P cycling almost triples. Estimates of hepatic glucose production as measured with [6-3H]glucose decrease. Correction of estimates of cycling under other conditions may very well be similarly affected. Thus, rates of glucose and fructose-6-P cycling appear to be substantially more than previously estimated. Quantitation under a given condition requires measurements to be made of the extent to which assumptions as to the fate of labeled hydrogen of the glucoses are fulfilled. The uncertain extent of exchange of label catalyzed by transaldolase and detritiation in the pentose cycle, the failure of fructose-6-P cycling to be expressed through detritiation of 3H from [3-3H]glucose, and possible isotope effects still limit the confidence that can be placed in such estimates.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007773 Lactates Salts or esters of LACTIC ACID containing the general formula CH3CHOHCOOR.
D008099 Liver A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances. Livers
D005636 Fructosephosphates
D005690 Galactose An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood. D-Galactose,Galactopyranose,Galactopyranoside,D Galactose
D005947 Glucose A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. Dextrose,Anhydrous Dextrose,D-Glucose,Glucose Monohydrate,Glucose, (DL)-Isomer,Glucose, (alpha-D)-Isomer,Glucose, (beta-D)-Isomer,D Glucose,Dextrose, Anhydrous,Monohydrate, Glucose
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006859 Hydrogen The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas. Protium,Hydrogen-1
D014316 Tritium The radioactive isotope of hydrogen also known as hydrogen-3. It contains two NEUTRONS and one PROTON in its nucleus and decays to produce low energy BETA PARTICLES. Hydrogen-3,Hydrogen 3
D019344 Lactic Acid A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Lactate,2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2-Hydroxypropionic Acid,Ammonium Lactate,D-Lactic Acid,L-Lactic Acid,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2R)-,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-,Sarcolactic Acid,2 Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2 Hydroxypropionic Acid,D Lactic Acid,L Lactic Acid,Lactate, Ammonium

Related Publications

B R Landau
September 1978, The American journal of physiology,
B R Landau
November 1986, The American journal of physiology,
B R Landau
July 1986, The Journal of experimental zoology,
Copied contents to your clipboard!