Biomaterial Database

The formation of menaquinone-4 (vitamin K) and its oxide in some marine invertebrates. 1977

V T Burt, and E Bee, and J F Pennock

Three echinoderms, a crustacean, a mollusc and a coelenterate were injected with either [2-14C]mevalonate and unlabelled menadione (2-methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone) or 2-[14C]methyl-1,4-naphthaquinone. In each case the label was incorporated into menaquinone-4.[2-14C]Mevalonate was incorporated into menaquinone-4 in the crab (Carcinus maenas) only in the presence of menadione, the organism presumably being unable to synthesize the naphthaquinone nucleus. The starfish Asterias rubens and C. maenas incorporated the label into a compound which was identified chromatographically as 2,3-epoxymenaquinone-4. The significance of menaquinone-4 and these animals is discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007448	Invertebrates	Animals that have no spinal column.	Brachiopoda,Mesozoa,Brachiopodas,Invertebrate,Mesozoas
D008099	Liver	A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.	Livers
D008798	Mevalonic Acid	A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid and precursor in the biosynthetic pathway known as the mevalonate pathway, which produces terpenes and steroids that are vital for diverse cellular functions.	Mevalonate,Acid, Mevalonic
D008974	Mollusca	A phylum of the kingdom Metazoa. Mollusca have soft, unsegmented bodies with an anterior head, a dorsal visceral mass, and a ventral foot. Most are encased in a protective calcareous shell. It includes the classes GASTROPODA; BIVALVIA; CEPHALOPODA; Aplacophora; Scaphopoda; Polyplacophora; and Monoplacophora.	Molluscs,Mollusks,Mollusc,Molluscas,Mollusk
D010179	Pancreas	A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
D003386	Brachyura	An infraorder of chiefly marine, largely carnivorous CRUSTACEA, in the order DECAPODA, including the genera Cancer, Uca, and Callinectes.	Blue Crab,Callinectes sapidus,Carcinus maenas,Crab, Blue,Crab, Common Shore,Crab, Green,Crabs, Short-Tailed,Crabs, True,Green Crab,Uca,Common Shore Crab,European Shore Crab,Blue Crabs,Brachyuras,Carcinus maena,Common Shore Crabs,Crab, European Shore,Crab, Short-Tailed,Crab, True,Crabs, Blue,Crabs, Common Shore,Crabs, Green,Crabs, Short Tailed,Green Crabs,Shore Crab, Common,Shore Crab, European,Shore Crabs, Common,Short-Tailed Crab,Short-Tailed Crabs,True Crab,True Crabs,Ucas,maenas, Carcinus
D004988	Ethers, Cyclic	Compounds of the general formula R-O-R arranged in a ring or crown formation.	Cyclic Ether,Cyclic Ethers,Ether, Cyclic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012615	Sea Anemones	The order Actiniaria, in the class ANTHOZOA, comprised of large, solitary polyps. All species are carnivorous.	Actiniaria,Actiniarias,Anemone, Sea,Anemones, Sea,Sea Anemone
D012617	Sea Urchins	Somewhat flattened, globular echinoderms, having thin, brittle shells of calcareous plates. They are useful models for studying FERTILIZATION and EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT.	Echinoidea,Sand-Dollar,Clypeasteroida,Sand Dollars,Clypeasteroidas,Dollar, Sand,Dollars, Sand,Echinoideas,Sand Dollar,Sand-Dollars,Sea Urchin,Urchin, Sea,Urchins, Sea