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An outbreak of cholera in Maryland associated with imported commercial frozen fresh coconut milk. 1993

J L Taylor, and J Tuttle, and T Pramukul, and K O'Brien, and T J Barrett, and B Jolbitado, and Y L Lim, and D Vugia, and J G Morris, and R V Tauxe
Epidemiology and Disease Control Program, Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Baltimore 21201.

In August 1991, the first outbreak of cholera associated with an imported commercial food product occurred among persons attending a private picnic. An epidemiologic investigation showed infection with toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa, in 4 of 6 persons who had consumed coconut milk imported from Thailand. In addition, the US Food and Drug Administration recovered toxigenic V. cholerae O1, biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa, from 1 of 6 unopened bags of the same brand (but different shipment) of coconut milk as that consumed by infected persons. Investigation in Thailand of the manufacturing process of the implicated coconut milk showed several sanitary violations, suggesting that contamination had occurred during production. This outbreak suggests a model of entrance of V. cholerae into a population and shows the need to evaluate current methods of maintaining the safety of imported foods in the United States.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008396 Maryland A state bounded on the north by Pennsylvania, on the east by Delaware and the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Virginia and West Virginia, and on the west by West Virginia.
D002771 Cholera An acute diarrheal disease endemic in India and Southeast Asia whose causative agent is VIBRIO CHOLERAE. This condition can lead to severe dehydration in a matter of hours unless quickly treated. Vibrio cholerae Infection,Choleras,Infection, Vibrio cholerae,Infections, Vibrio cholerae,Vibrio cholerae Infections
D003059 Cocos A plant genus of the family ARECACEAE. It is a tropical palm tree that yields a large, edible hard-shelled fruit from which oil and fiber are also obtained. Coconut,Cocoanut,Cocos nucifera,Coco,Cocoanuts,Coconuts,Cocos nuciferas,nucifera, Cocos
D004196 Disease Outbreaks Sudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes EPIDEMICS and PANDEMICS. Outbreaks,Infectious Disease Outbreaks,Disease Outbreak,Disease Outbreak, Infectious,Disease Outbreaks, Infectious,Infectious Disease Outbreak,Outbreak, Disease,Outbreak, Infectious Disease,Outbreaks, Disease,Outbreaks, Infectious Disease
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D014734 Vibrio cholerae The etiologic agent of CHOLERA. Bacillus cholerae,Bacillus cholerae-asiaticae,Liquidivibrio cholerae,Microspira comma,Pacinia cholerae-asiaticae,Spirillum cholerae,Spirillum cholerae-asiaticae,Vibrio albensis,Vibrio cholera,Vibrio cholerae-asiaticae,Vibrio comma
D016521 Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field Gel electrophoresis in which the direction of the electric field is changed periodically. This technique is similar to other electrophoretic methods normally used to separate double-stranded DNA molecules ranging in size up to tens of thousands of base-pairs. However, by alternating the electric field direction one is able to separate DNA molecules up to several million base-pairs in length. Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field Gradient,Gel Electrophoresis, Pulsed-Field,Contour-Clamped Homogeneous-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed Field,Electrophoresis, Pulsed Field Gel,Field Inversion Gel Electrophoresis,Orthogonal Field Alternation Gel Electrophoresis,Orthogonal-Field Alternation-Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed Field Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis,Pulsed-Field Gradient Gel Electrophoresis,Alternation-Gel Electrophoresis, Orthogonal-Field,Contour Clamped Homogeneous Field Gel Electrophoresis,Electrophoresis, Orthogonal-Field Alternation-Gel,Electrophoresis, Pulsed-Field Gel,Gel Electrophoresis, Pulsed Field,Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis

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