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Polymorphism of the gene coding for mitochondrial ALDH2 in humans is known to be associated with differences in alcohol drinking behavior. Recently, two different alleles of the ALDH2 gene, ALDH2R and ALDH2Q, have been found in rats also and a possible relationship between the frequencies of the two alleles and drinking behavior has been proposed. In this study, we examined whether this polymorphism of ALDH2 was the underlying cause for the previously reported acetaldehyde accumulation in the alcohol-avoiding ANA rat line and, thus, could be one of the factors explaining the differences in alcohol drinking behavior between the ANA and the alcohol-preferring AA rat lines. The experimental animals were genotyped and their mitochondrial ALDH activities and blood acetaldehyde concentrations after ethanol injection were measured. The two lines did not differ in their frequencies of ALDH2R and ALDH2Q alleles. Thus, the polymorphism in the ALDH2 gene does not explain the acetaldehyde accumulation in ANA rats and it does not seem to be associated with differences in the alcohol drinking behavior in these rat lines.
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