Relaxant effects of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) on epithelium-intact and -denuded guinea-pig trachea: a comparison with vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). 1995

D M Conroy, and S St-Pierre, and P Sirois
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Canada.

The effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP 1-27) was examined on epithelium-intact and -denuded guinea-pig tracheal strips (GPT) and compared to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and salbutamol. PACAP (10(-11)-10(-8) moles) induced dose-dependent relaxations of the basal tone of both epithelium-intact and -denuded GPT. PACAP was approximately three times less potent than either VIP or salbutamol in relaxing epithelium-intact GPT. The relaxant effects of both peptides and salbutamol were markedly attenuated following removal of the epithelial layer. L-NAME (10(-4) M), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, did not affect the responses induced by either PACAP or VIP demonstrating that the relaxant effect is independent of nitric oxide synthesis. Phosphoramidon (5 x 10(-6) M) potentiated the relaxant responses of epithelium-intact GPT to both PACAP and VIP but did not affect the responses of epithelium-denuded GPT. PACAP and VIP also induced relaxations of the guinea-pig upper bronchus. In addition, PACAP (10(-6) M), as well as VIP, significantly inhibited the release of TxB2 induced by LTD4 (10(-7) M) from chopped guinea-pig lung suggesting that this newly isolated peptide, which has 68% homology with VIP, may possess anti-inflammatory action in the lung.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009126 Muscle Relaxation That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position. Muscle Relaxations,Relaxation, Muscle,Relaxations, Muscle
D009129 Muscle Tonus The state of activity or tension of a muscle beyond that related to its physical properties, that is, its active resistance to stretch. In skeletal muscle, tonus is dependent upon efferent innervation. (Stedman, 25th ed) Muscle Tension,Muscle Tightness,Muscular Tension,Tension, Muscle,Tension, Muscular,Tightness, Muscle,Tonus, Muscle
D009130 Muscle, Smooth Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Muscle, Involuntary,Smooth Muscle,Involuntary Muscle,Involuntary Muscles,Muscles, Involuntary,Muscles, Smooth,Smooth Muscles
D009479 Neuropeptides Peptides released by NEURONS as intercellular messengers. Many neuropeptides are also hormones released by non-neuronal cells. Neuropeptide
D001980 Bronchi The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Primary Bronchi,Primary Bronchus,Secondary Bronchi,Secondary Bronchus,Tertiary Bronchi,Tertiary Bronchus,Bronchi, Primary,Bronchi, Secondary,Bronchi, Tertiary,Bronchus,Bronchus, Primary,Bronchus, Secondary,Bronchus, Tertiary
D004848 Epithelium The layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS which cover the inner and outer surfaces of the cutaneous, mucus, and serous tissues and glands of the body. Mesothelium,Epithelial Tissue,Mesothelial Tissue,Epithelial Tissues,Mesothelial Tissues,Tissue, Epithelial,Tissue, Mesothelial,Tissues, Epithelial,Tissues, Mesothelial
D006168 Guinea Pigs A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research. Cavia,Cavia porcellus,Guinea Pig,Pig, Guinea,Pigs, Guinea
D000318 Adrenergic beta-Agonists Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors. Adrenergic beta-Receptor Agonists,beta-Adrenergic Agonists,beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonists,Adrenergic beta-Agonist,Adrenergic beta-Receptor Agonist,Betamimetics,Receptor Agonists, beta-Adrenergic,Receptors Agonists, Adrenergic beta,beta-Adrenergic Agonist,beta-Adrenergic Receptor Agonist,Adrenergic beta Agonist,Adrenergic beta Agonists,Adrenergic beta Receptor Agonist,Adrenergic beta Receptor Agonists,Agonist, Adrenergic beta-Receptor,Agonist, beta-Adrenergic,Agonist, beta-Adrenergic Receptor,Agonists, Adrenergic beta-Receptor,Agonists, beta-Adrenergic,Agonists, beta-Adrenergic Receptor,Receptor Agonist, beta-Adrenergic,Receptor Agonists, beta Adrenergic,beta Adrenergic Agonist,beta Adrenergic Agonists,beta Adrenergic Receptor Agonist,beta Adrenergic Receptor Agonists,beta-Agonist, Adrenergic,beta-Agonists, Adrenergic,beta-Receptor Agonist, Adrenergic,beta-Receptor Agonists, Adrenergic
D000420 Albuterol A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol. Salbutamol,2-t-Butylamino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl)phenylethanol,Albuterol Sulfate,Proventil,Sultanol,Ventolin
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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