The neurotraumatological case material of the Neurosurgical Clinic of the University of Pavia, from the August 1st 1972 to July 31st 1975, includes N. 122 patients, submitted to neurological surgery. All data are examined and discussed in relation to age, to the coma level, to the type of endocranial lesion and the results obtained are compared with the data of literature. The incidence of associated lesions, both endocranial and in other regions, is made standing out more clearly. The importance of an early diagnosis, by neuroradiological tests, is made cospicuous in order to get a correct surgical therapy. The survival is discussed in relation to the type of surgical act and of pathology.