Biomaterial Database

Association between plasma renin activity and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in essential hypertension. 1996

K Allikmets, and T Parik, and R Teesalu

Department of Cardiology, University of Tartu, Estonia.

OBJECTIVE To study the relationships between plasma renin activity and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors in patients with essential hypertension. METHODS Patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension (n = 36) with a diastolic blood pressure of 95-115 mmHg were studied. Assessment of plasma renin activity (PRA) related to urinary sodium excretion was used to define subgroups with high (n = 12), medium (n = 16) and low renin profiles (n = 8). METHODS Fasting plasma lipid levels were determined. Glucose, insulin and C-peptide responses to standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were measured. RESULTS Patients with high PRA had higher levels of plasma cholesterol (6.13 +/- 0.81 versus 4.67 +/- 0.7 mmol L-1, P < 0.05) and triglycerides (2.14 +/- 0.18 versus 0.98 +/- 0.13 mmol L-1, P < 0.05), than the low PRA group. HDL-cholesterol levels were lower in the high renin group than in the low renin group (1.05 +/- 0.04 versus 1.26 +/- 0.09 mmol L-1, P < 0.05). Insulin and C-peptide sums were higher in high PRA group (33.8 +/- 1.2 versus 25.1 +/- 0.9 and 2.6 +/- 0.3 versus 1.9 +/- 0.4 ng L-1, P < 0.05), than in the low PRA group. CONCLUSIONS Essential hypertensive patients with a high renin profile display more pronounced dyslipidaemia and higher levels of plasma insulin than patients with a low renin profile. This may be one explanation for higher incidence of cardiovascular disease previously reported in high PRA group.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D006973	Hypertension	Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007328	Insulin	A 51-amino acid pancreatic hormone that plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, directly by suppressing endogenous glucose production (GLYCOGENOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS) and indirectly by suppressing GLUCAGON secretion and LIPOLYSIS. Native insulin is a globular protein comprised of a zinc-coordinated hexamer. Each insulin monomer containing two chains, A (21 residues) and B (30 residues), linked by two disulfide bonds. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 1).	Iletin,Insulin A Chain,Insulin B Chain,Insulin, Regular,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Soluble Insulin,Chain, Insulin B,Insulin, Sodium,Insulin, Soluble,Regular Insulin
D008055	Lipids	A generic term for fats and lipoids, the alcohol-ether-soluble constituents of protoplasm, which are insoluble in water. They comprise the fats, fatty oils, essential oils, waxes, phospholipids, glycolipids, sulfolipids, aminolipids, chromolipids (lipochromes), and fatty acids. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	Lipid
D008297	Male		Males
D012083	Renin	A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.	Angiotensin-Forming Enzyme,Angiotensinogenase,Big Renin,Cryorenin,Inactive Renin,Pre-Prorenin,Preprorenin,Prorenin,Angiotensin Forming Enzyme,Pre Prorenin,Renin, Big,Renin, Inactive
D001786	Blood Glucose	Glucose in blood.	Blood Sugar,Glucose, Blood,Sugar, Blood
D002096	C-Peptide	The middle segment of proinsulin that is between the N-terminal B-chain and the C-terminal A-chain. It is a pancreatic peptide of about 31 residues, depending on the species. Upon proteolytic cleavage of proinsulin, equimolar INSULIN and C-peptide are released. C-peptide immunoassay has been used to assess pancreatic beta cell function in diabetic patients with circulating insulin antibodies or exogenous insulin. Half-life of C-peptide is 30 min, almost 8 times that of insulin.	Proinsulin C-Peptide,C-Peptide, Proinsulin,Connecting Peptide,C Peptide,C Peptide, Proinsulin,Proinsulin C Peptide
D005260	Female		Females
D005951	Glucose Tolerance Test	A test to determine the ability of an individual to maintain HOMEOSTASIS of BLOOD GLUCOSE. It includes measuring blood glucose levels in a fasting state, and at prescribed intervals before and after oral glucose intake (75 or 100 g) or intravenous infusion (0.5 g/kg).	Intravenous Glucose Tolerance,Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test,OGTT,Oral Glucose Tolerance,Oral Glucose Tolerance Test,Glucose Tolerance Tests,Glucose Tolerance, Oral
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man