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Hypertonic saline (HS) administered intraperitoneally reduced the intake of sucrose solution infused intraorally in tube-fed decerebrate rats, as it did in control animals. Similarly, either intraperitoneal or intravenous HS markedly decreased the intake of laboratory chow by neurologically intact control rats. These observations complement recent findings that lesions of putative osmoreceptors in the ventral diencephalon, which eliminate thirst and blunt pituitary secretion of vasopressin and oxytocin in response to HS in rats, have no apparent effect on the HS-induced inhibition of food intake. Taken together they support previous studies indicating an important role for the caudal brainstem in the central control of food intake and suggest that such brainstem control may also include the inhibition of food intake induced by acute hyperosmolality.
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