Biomaterial Database

Effects of the horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) on physiological and nutritional responses of beef steers: continuous fly population levels. 1996

S M Presley, and F W Knapp, and J A Boling, and J G Burg

Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40546, USA.

Twenty-four Hereford-Angus crossbred beef steers were exposed to 0, 75, 150, and 225 horn flies, Haematobia irritans (L.), per head under controlled environmental conditions. The physiological and nutritional indices of all steers were recorded during a 14-d infestation period. Overall rectal temperature increased in steers exposed to 225 H. irritans was per head. Feed intake and nitrogen consumption by steers exposed to 225 H. irritans was lower than uninfested steers during the first 4 d. Overall serum cortisol was lower in steers exposed to 150 or 225 H. irritans per head compared with unexposed steers. Compared with unexposed steers, packed cell volume (percentage) was lower in steers exposed to 150 H. irritans on days 4, 7, and 14, lower in steers exposed to 225 H. irritans on days 7 and 14, and lower in steers exposed to 75 H. irritans on day 14. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was higher on day 1 in steers exposed to 75 H. irritans per head compared with uninfested steers, whereas BUN was lower in 225 H. irritans-exposed steers on days 7, 10, and 14 when compared with uninfested steers. Our data, in conjunction with previously published data, suggest that rectal temperature increases in beef steers exposed to > 150 H. irritans per head, and water consumption and urine production increases at infestation levels > 225 H. irritans per per head. Our data were unable to resolve H. irritans effects on steer heart rate, respiration rate, urinary nitrogen excreted, nitrogen retained, and serum cortisol levels.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D009117	Muscidae	A family of the order DIPTERA with over 700 species. Important species that may be mechanical vectors of disease include Musca domesticus (HOUSEFLIES), Musca autumnalis (face fly), Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly), Haematobia irritans (horn fly) and Fannia spp.	Face Fly,Fannia,Haematobia irritans,Horn Fly,Musca autumnalis,Stable Fly,Stomoxys calcitrans,Face Flies,Fannias,Flies, Face,Flies, Horn,Flies, Stable,Fly, Face,Fly, Horn,Fly, Stable,Haematobia irritan,Horn Flies,Musca autumnali,Stable Flies,Stomoxys calcitran,autumnali, Musca,calcitran, Stomoxys,irritan, Haematobia
D009584	Nitrogen	An element with the atomic symbol N, atomic number 7, and atomic weight [14.00643; 14.00728]. Nitrogen exists as a diatomic gas and makes up about 78% of the earth's atmosphere by volume. It is a constituent of proteins and nucleic acids and found in all living cells.
D001831	Body Temperature	The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.	Organ Temperature,Body Temperatures,Organ Temperatures,Temperature, Body,Temperature, Organ,Temperatures, Body,Temperatures, Organ
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002418	Cattle Diseases	Diseases of domestic cattle of the genus Bos. It includes diseases of cows, yaks, and zebus.	Bovine Diseases,Bovine Disease,Cattle Disease,Disease, Bovine,Disease, Cattle,Diseases, Bovine,Diseases, Cattle
D004326	Drinking	The consumption of liquids.	Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D004478	Ectoparasitic Infestations	Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.	Ectoparasitic Infestation,Infestation, Ectoparasitic,Infestations, Ectoparasitic
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000824	Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena	Nutritional physiology of animals.	Animal Nutrition Physiology,Animal Nutritional Physiology Phenomena,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomenon,Animal Nutritional Physiology,Animal Nutritional Physiology Phenomenon,Veterinary Nutritional Physiology,Nutrition Physiologies, Animal,Nutrition Physiology, Animal,Nutritional Physiology, Animal,Nutritional Physiology, Veterinary,Physiology, Animal Nutrition,Physiology, Animal Nutritional,Physiology, Veterinary Nutritional