Biomaterial Database

Evaluating the preservative effectiveness of RGP lens care solutions. 1995

J Keeven, and S Wrobel, and M Portoles, and B T DeCicco

Microbial Applications Laboratory, Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA.

We examined the antimicrobial preservative efficacy of nine rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lens care solutions by challenging them in a laboratory study with both standard test organisms and preservative-resistant strains. Solutions containing polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), such as Boston Advance (15 ppm) and a Boston Advance Enhanced Comfort Formula (5 ppm PHMB + 30 ppm chlorhexidine gluconate [CHG]) were most effective at rapidly killing vegetative cells, killing all bacteria and yeast by 6 hours. Boston Advance only slightly reduced the number of Aspergillus niger spores during the 28 day study, but Boston Advance Enhanced Comfort Formula reduced the spores by almost 3 logs by 14 days and by 4 logs by 21 days. Thimerosal-preserved Soaclens only reduced Staphylococcus aureus by 1 log at 6 hours, but at 1 day all tested organisms including S. aureus and A. niger were killed. Barnes Hind Gas Permeable Wetting and Soaking Solution, containing 50 ppm CHG, had little effect on adapted Serratia marcescens or Pseudomonas cepacia during the 28 day study. Allergan Wet-N-Soak Plus, containing 30 ppm benzalkonium chloride (BAK), was also unable to kill adapted S. marcescens or P. cepacia. CIBA Vision Premus (40 ppm BAK) was unable to kill adapted S. marcescens. Alcon Opti-Free, with 50 ppm polyquaternium-1 (polyquad), did not kill P. cepacia. Sherman Stay-Wet 3, containing 0.1% benzyl alcohol, was not effective against S. marcescens (adapted or unadapted), P. cepacia, or A. niger. Sherman DeStat 3, which contains 0.1% benzyl alcohol plus surfactants and five times the concentration of EDTA as in Stay-Wet 3, was able to kill all the vegetative cells by 7 days but did not significantly reduce A. niger.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011310	Preservatives, Pharmaceutical	Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants.	Pharmaceutic Aids (Preservatives),Pharmaceutic Preservative,Pharmaceutic Preservatives,Pharmaceutical Preservative,Pharmaceutical Preservatives,Preservative, Pharmaceutic,Preservative, Pharmaceutical,Preservatives, Pharmaceutic
D003261	Contact Lenses	Lenses designed to be worn on the front surface of the eyeball. (UMDNS, 1999)	Lenses, Contact,Contact Lens,Lens, Contact
D004341	Drug Evaluation	Any process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe dosage range, etc., for a drug or group of drugs is determined through clinical assessment in humans or veterinary animals.	Evaluation Studies, Drug,Drug Evaluation Studies,Drug Evaluation Study,Drug Evaluations,Evaluation Study, Drug,Evaluation, Drug,Evaluations, Drug,Studies, Drug Evaluation,Study, Drug Evaluation
D005658	Fungi	A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live parasitically as saprobes, including MUSHROOMS; YEASTS; smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi, commonly known as molds, refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies.	Fungi, Filamentous,Molds,Filamentous Fungi,Filamentous Fungus,Fungus,Fungus, Filamentous,Mold
D001419	Bacteria	One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.	Eubacteria
D012706	Serratia marcescens	A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, water, food, and clinical specimens. It is a prominent opportunistic pathogen for hospitalized patients.
D015169	Colony Count, Microbial	Enumeration by direct count of viable, isolated bacterial, archaeal, or fungal CELLS or SPORES capable of growth on solid CULTURE MEDIA. The method is used routinely by environmental microbiologists for quantifying organisms in AIR; FOOD; and WATER; by clinicians for measuring patients' microbial load; and in antimicrobial drug testing.	Agar Dilution Count,Colony-Forming Units Assay, Microbial,Fungal Count,Pour Plate Count,Spore Count,Spread Plate Count,Streak Plate Count,Colony Forming Units Assay, Microbial,Colony Forming Units Assays, Microbial,Agar Dilution Counts,Colony Counts, Microbial,Count, Agar Dilution,Count, Fungal,Count, Microbial Colony,Count, Pour Plate,Count, Spore,Count, Spread Plate,Count, Streak Plate,Counts, Agar Dilution,Counts, Fungal,Counts, Microbial Colony,Counts, Pour Plate,Counts, Spore,Counts, Spread Plate,Counts, Streak Plate,Dilution Count, Agar,Dilution Counts, Agar,Fungal Counts,Microbial Colony Count,Microbial Colony Counts,Pour Plate Counts,Spore Counts,Spread Plate Counts,Streak Plate Counts
D016956	Burkholderia cepacia	A species of BURKHOLDERIA considered to be an opportunistic human pathogen. It has been associated with various types of infections of nosocomial origin.	Pseudomonas cepacia,Pseudomonas kingii,Pseudomonas multivorans
D018639	Contact Lens Solutions	Sterile solutions used to clean and disinfect contact lenses.	Contact Lens Cleaners,Disinfectants, Contact Lens,Contact Lens Cleaning Solutions,Contact Lens Disinfectant Solutions,Contact Lens Solution,Cleaners, Contact Lens,Contact Lens Disinfectants,Lens Cleaners, Contact,Lens Disinfectants, Contact,Lens Solution, Contact,Lens Solutions, Contact,Solution, Contact Lens,Solutions, Contact Lens