Biomaterial Database

Intramuscular administration of ceftiofur sodium versus intramammary infusion of penicillin/novobiocin for treatment of Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis in dairy cows. 1996

R J Erskine, and P C Bartlett, and G L Johnson, and L W Halbert

Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficacy of intramuscular administration of ceftiofur sodium as treatment for intramammary infections attributable to Streptococcus agalactiae, compared with that for a standard treatment of intramammary infusion of penicillin/novobiocin. METHODS Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. METHODS 72 lactating Holstein cows with intramammary infections caused by S agalactiae from 5 commercial dairies in Michigan. METHODS In 36 of 72 infected cows, ceftiofur was administered (2.2 mg/kg of body weight, IM, q 24 h) for 5 days; 150 mg of novobiocin and 100,000 U of procaine penicillin G was infused daily into each mammary gland of the other 36 cows for 2 days. Milk samples were collected aseptically at approximately 4 and 8 weeks after initial treatment. If cows were determined to be infected at 4 weeks after initial treatment, the treatment was repeated. RESULTS The cure rate at 4 weeks (91.7%) and at 8 weeks (96.8%) after initial treatment for the penicillin/novobiocin-treated cows was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher, compared with that of the ceftiofur-treated cows (2.8 and 9.1%, respectively). Somatic cell counts were significantly (P < 0.0001) lower in the penicillin/novobiocin-treated group after treatment. CONCLUSIONS Intramuscular administration of ceftiofur is not efficacious as a treatment to eliminate intramammary infections caused by S agalactiae and should not be used to reduce the prevalence of this organism in dairy herds.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007263	Infusions, Parenteral	The administration of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through some other route than the alimentary canal, usually over minutes or hours, either by gravity flow or often by infusion pumping.	Intra-Abdominal Infusions,Intraperitoneal Infusions,Parenteral Infusions,Peritoneal Infusions,Infusion, Intra-Abdominal,Infusion, Intraperitoneal,Infusion, Parenteral,Infusion, Peritoneal,Infusions, Intra-Abdominal,Infusions, Intraperitoneal,Infusions, Peritoneal,Intra Abdominal Infusions,Intra-Abdominal Infusion,Intraperitoneal Infusion,Parenteral Infusion,Peritoneal Infusion
D007273	Injections, Intramuscular	Forceful administration into a muscle of liquid medication, nutrient, or other fluid through a hollow needle piercing the muscle and any tissue covering it.	Intramuscular Injections,Injection, Intramuscular,Intramuscular Injection
D008321	Mammary Glands, Animal	MAMMARY GLANDS in the non-human MAMMALS.	Mammae,Udder,Animal Mammary Glands,Animal Mammary Gland,Mammary Gland, Animal,Udders
D008414	Mastitis, Bovine	INFLAMMATION of the UDDER in cows.	Bovine Mastitides,Bovine Mastitis,Mastitides, Bovine
D008892	Milk	The off-white liquid secreted by the mammary glands of humans and other mammals. It contains proteins, sugar, lipids, vitamins, and minerals.	Cow Milk,Cow's Milk,Milk, Cow,Milk, Cow's
D009675	Novobiocin	An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189)	Crystallinic Acid,Streptonivicin,Novobiocin Calcium,Novobiocin Sodium,Novobiocin, Monosodium Salt,Calcium, Novobiocin,Monosodium Salt Novobiocin,Sodium, Novobiocin
D010402	Penicillin G Procaine	Semisynthetic antibiotic prepared by combining penicillin G with PROCAINE.	Benzylpenicillin Procaine,Jenacillin,Procaine Penicillin,G Procaine, Penicillin,Penicillin, Procaine,Procaine, Benzylpenicillin,Procaine, Penicillin G
D010406	Penicillins	A group of antibiotics that contain 6-aminopenicillanic acid with a side chain attached to the 6-amino group. The penicillin nucleus is the chief structural requirement for biological activity. The side-chain structure determines many of the antibacterial and pharmacological characteristics. (Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed, p1065)	Antibiotics, Penicillin,Penicillin,Penicillin Antibiotics
D002417	Cattle	Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.	Beef Cow,Bos grunniens,Bos indicus,Bos indicus Cattle,Bos taurus,Cow,Cow, Domestic,Dairy Cow,Holstein Cow,Indicine Cattle,Taurine Cattle,Taurus Cattle,Yak,Zebu,Beef Cows,Bos indicus Cattles,Cattle, Bos indicus,Cattle, Indicine,Cattle, Taurine,Cattle, Taurus,Cattles, Bos indicus,Cattles, Indicine,Cattles, Taurine,Cattles, Taurus,Cow, Beef,Cow, Dairy,Cow, Holstein,Cows,Dairy Cows,Domestic Cow,Domestic Cows,Indicine Cattles,Taurine Cattles,Taurus Cattles,Yaks,Zebus
D002452	Cell Count	The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.	Cell Density,Cell Number,Cell Counts,Cell Densities,Cell Numbers,Count, Cell,Counts, Cell,Densities, Cell,Density, Cell,Number, Cell,Numbers, Cell