The down-regulated in adenoma (DRA) gene encodes an intestine-specific membrane glycoprotein. 1996

M K Byeon, and M A Westerman, and I G Maroulakou, and K W Henderson, and S Suster, and X K Zhang, and T S Papas, and J Vesely, and M C Willingham, and J E Green, and C W Schweinfest
Center for Molecular and Structural Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.

The protein product of the DRA gene, a gene whose expression is down-regulated in colon adenomas and adenocarcinomas, is a membrane glycoprotein and a member of a family of sulfate transporters. It is expressed in the intestinal tract (duodenum, ileum, cecum, distal colon), but not in the esophagus or stomach. DRA mRNA expression is restricted to the mucosal epithelium, and DRA protein expression is further limited to the columnar epithelial cells, particularly to the brush border. Consistent with its expression in the differentiated columnar epithelium of the adult human colon, DRA is first expressed in the midgut of developing mouse embryos at day 16.5, corresponding with the time of differentiation of the epithelium of the small intestine. A model for the structure of the DRA protein is proposed and its possible role in colon tumorigenesis is discussed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007422 Intestines The section of the alimentary canal from the STOMACH to the ANAL CANAL. It includes the LARGE INTESTINE and SMALL INTESTINE. Intestine
D008562 Membrane Glycoproteins Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells. Cell Surface Glycoproteins,Surface Glycoproteins,Cell Surface Glycoprotein,Membrane Glycoprotein,Surface Glycoprotein,Glycoprotein, Cell Surface,Glycoprotein, Membrane,Glycoprotein, Surface,Glycoproteins, Cell Surface,Glycoproteins, Membrane,Glycoproteins, Surface,Surface Glycoprotein, Cell,Surface Glycoproteins, Cell
D008565 Membrane Proteins Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors. Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D002352 Carrier Proteins Proteins that bind or transport specific substances in the blood, within the cell, or across cell membranes. Binding Proteins,Carrier Protein,Transport Protein,Transport Proteins,Binding Protein,Protein, Carrier,Proteins, Carrier
D002478 Cells, Cultured Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others. Cultured Cells,Cell, Cultured,Cultured Cell
D003106 Colon The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON. Appendix Epiploica,Taenia Coli,Omental Appendices,Omental Appendix,Appendices, Omental,Appendix, Omental
D003110 Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. Cancer of Colon,Colon Adenocarcinoma,Colon Cancer,Cancer of the Colon,Colon Neoplasms,Colonic Cancer,Neoplasms, Colonic,Adenocarcinoma, Colon,Adenocarcinomas, Colon,Cancer, Colon,Cancer, Colonic,Cancers, Colon,Cancers, Colonic,Colon Adenocarcinomas,Colon Cancers,Colon Neoplasm,Colonic Cancers,Colonic Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Colon,Neoplasm, Colonic,Neoplasms, Colon
D004622 Embryo, Mammalian The entity of a developing mammal (MAMMALS), generally from the cleavage of a ZYGOTE to the end of embryonic differentiation of basic structures. For the human embryo, this represents the first two months of intrauterine development preceding the stages of the FETUS. Embryonic Structures, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo,Mammalian Embryo Structures,Mammalian Embryonic Structures,Embryo Structure, Mammalian,Embryo Structures, Mammalian,Embryonic Structure, Mammalian,Embryos, Mammalian,Mammalian Embryo Structure,Mammalian Embryonic Structure,Mammalian Embryos,Structure, Mammalian Embryo,Structure, Mammalian Embryonic,Structures, Mammalian Embryo,Structures, Mammalian Embryonic
D006031 Glycosylation The synthetic chemistry reaction or enzymatic reaction of adding carbohydrate or glycosyl groups. GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES carry out the enzymatic glycosylation reactions. The spontaneous, non-enzymatic attachment of reducing sugars to free amino groups in proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids is called GLYCATION (see MAILLARD REACTION). Protein Glycosylation,Glycosylation, Protein
D000076988 Sulfate Transporters Highly conserved families of transmembrane anion transporters that occur in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In humans, they are expressed by epithelial cells in a variety of tissues and participate in diverse physiologic functions such as cell motility and regulating the composition and acidity of body fluids. Some Slc13 family proteins function as sodium ion-coupled co-transporters of sulfate and other anions. Slc26 Protein,Slc26 Transporter,Sulfate Transporter,Sulphate Transporter,Slc26 Family,Slc26 Proteins,Slc26 Transporters,Solute Carrier 26 Family,Sulphate Transporters,Protein, Slc26,Transporter, Slc26,Transporter, Sulfate,Transporter, Sulphate,Transporters, Slc26,Transporters, Sulfate,Transporters, Sulphate

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