Biomaterial Database

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus and bluetongue virus serotype distribution in white-tailed deer in Georgia. 1995

D E Stallknecht, and V F Nettles, and E A Rollor, and E W Howerth

College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.

Serum samples collected from 1,396 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in five areas of Georgia (USA) from 1989 to 1991 were tested for precipitating and serum neutralizing (SN) antibodies to the enzootic North American epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and bluetongue virus (BTV) serotypes. Precipitating antibodies to the EHDV or BTV serogroups, as detected by agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) tests, were present in 35%, 29%, and 39% of deer sampled in 1989, 1990, and 1991, respectively. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in precipitating antibody prevalence were detected between physiographic regions during all years. Antibody prevalence consistently was highest in deer sampled from the Coastal Plain (77%), followed by the Piedmont (33%), Ridge and Valley (29%), Barrier Island (5%), and Blue Ridge (2%) regions. All AGID-positive samples were tested by SN tests for antibodies against all North American EHDV and BTV serotypes (EHDV serotypes 1 and 2, BTV serotypes 2, 10, 11, 13, and 17). Criteria for previous exposure to a specific serotype were either detection of monospecific results or clusters of positive results against that serotype. Serologic evidence of previous exposure to EHDV serotypes 1 and 2, and BTV serotypes 11 and 13 was detected during all years. Predominant serotypes varied among years. In general, evidence of exposure to EHDV serotype 2 appeared annually while exposure to BTV serotype 13 and EHDV serotype 1 decreased and increased, respectively. To determine serotype diversity prior to 1989, 134 AGID-positive white-tailed deer serum samples collected from 1967 to 1988 also were tested by SN. Evidence of exposure to EHDV serotypes 1 and 2 and BTV serotypes 11, 13, and 17 was detected.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009500	Neutralization Tests	The measurement of infection-blocking titer of ANTISERA by testing a series of dilutions for a given virus-antiserum interaction end-point, which is generally the dilution at which tissue cultures inoculated with the serum-virus mixtures demonstrate cytopathology (CPE) or the dilution at which 50% of test animals injected with serum-virus mixtures show infectivity (ID50) or die (LD50).	Neutralization Test,Test, Neutralization,Tests, Neutralization
D012088	Reoviridae Infections	Infections produced by reoviruses, general or unspecified.	Reovirus Infections,Infections, Reoviridae,Infection, Reoviridae,Infection, Reovirus,Infections, Reovirus,Reoviridae Infection,Reovirus Infection
D001819	Bluetongue	A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep, characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.	Blue Tongue,Tongue, Blue
D001820	Bluetongue virus	The type species of ORBIVIRUS causing a serious disease in sheep, especially lambs. It may also infect wild ruminants and other domestic animals.	Ovine Catarrhal Fever Virus,Blue Tongue Virus,Blue Tongue Viruses,Bluetongue Viruses
D003670	Deer	The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362)	Deers
D005779	Immunodiffusion	Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.	Gel Diffusion Tests,Diffusion Test, Gel,Diffusion Tests, Gel,Gel Diffusion Test,Immunodiffusions,Test, Gel Diffusion,Tests, Gel Diffusion
D005845	Georgia	A state located in the southeastern United States, The capital is Atlanta.
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000914	Antibodies, Viral	Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.	Viral Antibodies
D012189	Retrospective Studies	Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.	Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective