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Tetanus toxin inhibits spontaneous quantal release and cleaves VAMP/synaptobrevin. 1995

J Herreros, and F X Miralles, and C Solsona, and B Bizzini, and J Blasi, and J Marsal
Dept. Biologia Cel.lular i Anatomia Patològica, Facultat de Medicina, Hospital de Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Casanova, Spain.

Tetanus toxin decreased the frequency of spontaneous events at the electric organ of Torpedo marmorata. This reduction was up to 70% in poisoned electric organ. According to distribution analysis of miniature end plate currents, only a subpopulation of events which have small amplitudes were recorded after poisoning. Furthermore, isolated cholinergic nerve terminals showed a decrease in VAMP/synaptobrevin when poisoned with tetanus toxin under similar conditions. The relationship between the two effects of the toxin, i.e. inhibition of vesicle exocytosis and peptidase activity on synaptobrevin, is discussed.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008565 Membrane Proteins Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors. Cell Membrane Protein,Cell Membrane Proteins,Cell Surface Protein,Cell Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Proteins,Membrane-Associated Protein,Surface Protein,Surface Proteins,Integral Membrane Protein,Membrane Protein,Membrane-Associated Proteins,Membrane Associated Protein,Membrane Associated Proteins,Membrane Protein, Cell,Membrane Protein, Integral,Membrane Proteins, Integral,Protein, Cell Membrane,Protein, Cell Surface,Protein, Integral Membrane,Protein, Membrane,Protein, Membrane-Associated,Protein, Surface,Proteins, Cell Membrane,Proteins, Cell Surface,Proteins, Integral Membrane,Proteins, Membrane,Proteins, Membrane-Associated,Proteins, Surface,Surface Protein, Cell
D004557 Electric Organ In about 250 species of electric fishes, modified muscle fibers forming disklike multinucleate plates arranged in stacks like batteries in series and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. A large torpedo ray may have half a million plates. Muscles in different parts of the body may be modified, i.e., the trunk and tail in the electric eel, the hyobranchial apparatus in the electric ray, and extrinsic eye muscles in the stargazers. Powerful electric organs emit pulses in brief bursts several times a second. They serve to stun prey and ward off predators. A large torpedo ray can produce of shock of more than 200 volts, capable of stunning a human. (Storer et al., General Zoology, 6th ed, p672) Electric Organs,Organ, Electric,Organs, Electric
D005089 Exocytosis Cellular release of material within membrane-limited vesicles by fusion of the vesicles with the CELL MEMBRANE.
D000109 Acetylcholine A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. 2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium,Acetilcolina Cusi,Acetylcholine Bromide,Acetylcholine Chloride,Acetylcholine Fluoride,Acetylcholine Hydroxide,Acetylcholine Iodide,Acetylcholine L-Tartrate,Acetylcholine Perchlorate,Acetylcholine Picrate,Acetylcholine Picrate (1:1),Acetylcholine Sulfate (1:1),Bromoacetylcholine,Chloroacetylcholine,Miochol,Acetylcholine L Tartrate,Bromide, Acetylcholine,Cusi, Acetilcolina,Fluoride, Acetylcholine,Hydroxide, Acetylcholine,Iodide, Acetylcholine,L-Tartrate, Acetylcholine,Perchlorate, Acetylcholine
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013572 Synaptic Vesicles Membrane-bound compartments which contain transmitter molecules. Synaptic vesicles are concentrated at presynaptic terminals. They actively sequester transmitter molecules from the cytoplasm. In at least some synapses, transmitter release occurs by fusion of these vesicles with the presynaptic membrane, followed by exocytosis of their contents. Synaptic Vesicle,Vesicle, Synaptic,Vesicles, Synaptic
D013744 Tetanus Toxin Protein synthesized by CLOSTRIDIUM TETANI as a single chain of ~150 kDa with 35% sequence identity to BOTULINUM TOXIN that is cleaved to a light and a heavy chain that are linked by a single disulfide bond. Tetanolysin is the hemolytic and tetanospasmin is the neurotoxic principle. The toxin causes disruption of the inhibitory mechanisms of the CNS, thus permitting uncontrolled nervous activity, leading to fatal CONVULSIONS. Clostridial Neurotoxin,Clostridium tetani Toxin,Tetanus Toxins,Neurotoxin, Clostridial,Toxin, Clostridium tetani,Toxin, Tetanus,Toxins, Tetanus
D014101 Torpedo A genus of the Torpedinidae family consisting of several species. Members of this family have powerful electric organs and are commonly called electric rays. Electric Rays,Torpedinidae,Rays, Electric
D050683 R-SNARE Proteins SNARE proteins where the central amino acid residue of the SNARE motif is an ARGININE. They are classified separately from the Q-SNARE PROTEINS where the central amino acid residue of the SNARE motif is a GLUTAMINE. This subfamily contains the vesicle associated membrane proteins (VAMPs) based on similarity to the prototype for the R-SNAREs, VAMP2 (synaptobrevin 2). R-SNARES,Synaptobrevin,Synaptobrevins,Vesicle-Associated Membrane Protein,Vesicle-Associated Membrane Proteins,Membrane Protein, Vesicle-Associated,Membrane Proteins, Vesicle-Associated,Proteins, R-SNARE,R SNARE Proteins,R SNARES,Vesicle Associated Membrane Protein,Vesicle Associated Membrane Proteins

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