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cGMP-dependent protein kinase in dorsal root ganglion: relationship with nitric oxide synthase and nociceptive neurons. 1996

Y Qian, and D S Chao, and D R Santillano, and T L Cornwell, and A C Nairn, and P Greengard, and T M Lincoln, and D S Bredt
Department of Physiology, University of California San Francisco 94143, USA.

Nitric oxide and cGMP influence plasticity of nociceptive processing in spinal cord. However, effectors for cGMP have not been identified in sensory pathways. We now demonstrate that cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKl) occurs in the DRGs at levels comparable to that in cerebellum, the richest source of cGKl in the body. Immunohistochemical studies reveal that cGKl is concentrated in a subpopulation of small- and medium-diameter DRG neurons that partially overlap with substance P and calcitonin gene-related polypeptide containing cells. During development, cGKl expression throughout the embryo is essentially restricted to sensory neurons and to the spinal floor and roof plates. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is coexpressed with cGKl in sensory neurons during embryonic development and after peripheral nerve axotomy. The primary target for cGKl in cerebellum, G-substrate, is not present in developing, mature, or regenerating sensory neurons, indicating that other proteins serve as effectors for cGKl in sensory processing. These data establish sensory neurons as a primary locus for cGMP actions during development and suggest a role for cGKl in plasticity of nociception.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009619 Nociceptors Peripheral AFFERENT NEURONS which are sensitive to injuries or pain, usually caused by extreme thermal exposures, mechanical forces, or other noxious stimuli. Their cell bodies reside in the DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA. Their peripheral terminals (NERVE ENDINGS) innervate target tissues and transduce noxious stimuli via axons to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Pain Receptors,Receptors, Pain,Nociceptive Neurons,Neuron, Nociceptive,Neurons, Nociceptive,Nociceptive Neuron,Nociceptor,Pain Receptor
D011494 Protein Kinases A family of enzymes that catalyze the conversion of ATP and a protein to ADP and a phosphoprotein. Protein Kinase,Kinase, Protein,Kinases, Protein
D005727 Ganglia, Spinal Sensory ganglia located on the dorsal spinal roots within the vertebral column. The spinal ganglion cells are pseudounipolar. The single primary branch bifurcates sending a peripheral process to carry sensory information from the periphery and a central branch which relays that information to the spinal cord or brain. Dorsal Root Ganglia,Spinal Ganglia,Dorsal Root Ganglion,Ganglion, Spinal,Ganglia, Dorsal Root,Ganglion, Dorsal Root,Spinal Ganglion
D006152 Cyclic GMP Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) Guanosine Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic 3,5 Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic Monophosphate,Guanosine Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate,3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic,Cyclic 3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic Monophosphate, Guanosine,Cyclic-3',5'-Monophosphate, Guanosine,GMP, Cyclic,Guanosine Cyclic 3',5' Monophosphate,Monophosphate, Guanosine Cyclic
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013116 Spinal Cord A cylindrical column of tissue that lies within the vertebral canal. It is composed of WHITE MATTER and GRAY MATTER. Coccygeal Cord,Conus Medullaris,Conus Terminalis,Lumbar Cord,Medulla Spinalis,Myelon,Sacral Cord,Thoracic Cord,Coccygeal Cords,Conus Medullari,Conus Terminali,Cord, Coccygeal,Cord, Lumbar,Cord, Sacral,Cord, Spinal,Cord, Thoracic,Cords, Coccygeal,Cords, Lumbar,Cords, Sacral,Cords, Spinal,Cords, Thoracic,Lumbar Cords,Medulla Spinali,Medullari, Conus,Medullaris, Conus,Myelons,Sacral Cords,Spinal Cords,Spinali, Medulla,Spinalis, Medulla,Terminali, Conus,Terminalis, Conus,Thoracic Cords
D013373 Substance P An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses. Euler-Gaddum Substance P,Hypothalamic Substance P,SP(1-11),Euler Gaddum Substance P,Substance P, Euler-Gaddum,Substance P, Hypothalamic
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D019001 Nitric Oxide Synthase An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE. NO Synthase,Nitric-Oxide Synthase,Nitric-Oxide Synthetase,Nitric Oxide Synthetase,Oxide Synthase, Nitric,Synthase, Nitric Oxide

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